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be动词不是修饰形容词的,而是接形容词作表语。
表语的功能是表述主语的特征、状态、身份等。它也可以说是一种主语补语。这位于连系动词之后,与之构成所谓的系表结构。在系表结构中,连系动词只是形式上的谓语,而真正起谓语作用的则是表语。可以用作表语的有名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语、从句等。
1)名词用作表语。如:
It’s a pity that we shall be a little late. 令人遗憾的是我们将要迟到一会儿。(连系动词是is)
He because king when he was a child. 他在儿时就当了国王。(连系动词是because)
This student will make a good teacher. 这个学生会成为一位良好的教师。(连系动词是make)
表时间和地点的名词可用作表语,其前的连系动词be意谓“发生”、“存在”等。如:
The wedding was that Sunday. 婚礼是在那个星期天举行。
Nobody can be two places at once. 无人可以同时存在于两地。
注意下面句子中的系表结构:
She was all ears when I told her the story. 我给她讲这个故事时,她聚精会神地听。(类似的结构还有:be all attention注意力很集中,be all smiles满脸笑容)
下面句子中用作表语的名词具有抽象概念,相当于形容词:
He was fool enough to spend all the money at once. 他真傻,把钱一下子全花了。
He was master of the situation. 他能掌握局势。
名词’s属格亦可用作表语。如:
That hat must be Tom’s. 那帽子一定是汤姆的。
2)代词用作表语。如:
So that’s that. 就是这样。
She is very tired and looks it. 她很累了,并已显出来了。
Whose is that sweater? 那件毛衣是谁的?
3)数词用作表语。如:
We are seven. 我们一共7人。
I’ll be twenty-four in May. 到5月我将24岁。
4)形容词用作表语。如:
Are you busy? 你有空吗?
Please feel free to say what you really think. 请随便谈谈你的真实想法吧。
He will not rest content with these victories. 他决不满足于这些胜利。
注意下面句子中的系表结构:
Our dream has come true. 我们的梦想实现了。(come作为连系动词还常后接easy,loose,natural等,表示向好方面的变化)
Her skin went brown in the sun. 她的皮肤晒黑了。(go作为连系动词还常后接mad,hungry,bad,wrong,blind等,表示由强转弱方面的变化)
He fell sick. 他病了。(fall作为连系动词还常后接asleep,flat,short,ill,silent等,表示一种变化,陷入某种状态中)
Keep fit. 保重。(keep作为连系动词还常后接quiet,calm,cool,well,warm,silent,clean,dry等,表示保持某种状态)
The well ran dry. 这口井干枯了。(run作为连系动词还常后接short,loose,wild,cold等,表示变化)
5)副词用作表语。如:
Are you there? 你听着吗?(电话用语)
Is anybody in? 里面有人吗?
My day’s work is over. 我这一天的工作做完了。
6)不定式用作表语。如:
All I could do was wait. 我只能等待。
My answer to his threat was to hit him on toe nose. 我对他的威胁的回答是照他的鼻子打去。
To have knowledge is to know the true from the false, and high things from low. 求知就是辨别真伪与高卑。
连系动词seem,appear等常后接不定式to be,以加强连系动词的力量,尤其是后接名词时,一定要用不定式to be。如:
A thin person always seems to be taller than he really is. 一个瘦个子总似乎比他的实际高度要高些。
The verdict appears to be just. 判决似乎是公正的。
7)动名词用作表语。如:
Complimenting is lying. 恭维即是说谎。
Is that asking so much? 这是要的高了吗?
Crowning “stars” among literary upstarts is killing them. 把所谓“明星”捧作文坛新贵即是扼杀他们。
8)分词用作表语。如:
It’s surprising that you haven’t met. 真想不到你们未见过面。(surprising是现在分词)
I was so much surprised at it. 我对此事感到很惊讶。(surprised是过去分词)
I’m very pleased with what he has done. 我对他所干的活很满意。(pleased是过去分词)
I feel inclined to agree. 我倾向于同意。(be或feel inclined可看作是固定搭配)
9)介词短语用作表语。如:
She is in good health. 她很健康。
They appear out of breath. 他们似乎喘不过气来了。
The show is from seven till ten. 演出时间为7点至10点。
介词of表“具有”时,其短语亦常用作表语。如:
I’m quite of your opinion. 我完全同意你的意见。
It appears of no value. 它似乎没有价值。
引导表语的介词of还常后接age,benefit,birth,charm,consequence,harm,importance,interest,kind,nature,origin,quality,significance,stock,type等。
10)从句用作表语。如:
Is that why you were angry? 这就是你发怒的原因吗?
That is what he means. 这就是他的意思。
This is where I first met her. 这就是我初次与她会面的地方。
My strongest memory is when I attended a Chinese wedding. 我最深的印象是我参加一次中国婚礼的情景。
表语的功能是表述主语的特征、状态、身份等。它也可以说是一种主语补语。这位于连系动词之后,与之构成所谓的系表结构。在系表结构中,连系动词只是形式上的谓语,而真正起谓语作用的则是表语。可以用作表语的有名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语、从句等。
1)名词用作表语。如:
It’s a pity that we shall be a little late. 令人遗憾的是我们将要迟到一会儿。(连系动词是is)
He because king when he was a child. 他在儿时就当了国王。(连系动词是because)
This student will make a good teacher. 这个学生会成为一位良好的教师。(连系动词是make)
表时间和地点的名词可用作表语,其前的连系动词be意谓“发生”、“存在”等。如:
The wedding was that Sunday. 婚礼是在那个星期天举行。
Nobody can be two places at once. 无人可以同时存在于两地。
注意下面句子中的系表结构:
She was all ears when I told her the story. 我给她讲这个故事时,她聚精会神地听。(类似的结构还有:be all attention注意力很集中,be all smiles满脸笑容)
下面句子中用作表语的名词具有抽象概念,相当于形容词:
He was fool enough to spend all the money at once. 他真傻,把钱一下子全花了。
He was master of the situation. 他能掌握局势。
名词’s属格亦可用作表语。如:
That hat must be Tom’s. 那帽子一定是汤姆的。
2)代词用作表语。如:
So that’s that. 就是这样。
She is very tired and looks it. 她很累了,并已显出来了。
Whose is that sweater? 那件毛衣是谁的?
3)数词用作表语。如:
We are seven. 我们一共7人。
I’ll be twenty-four in May. 到5月我将24岁。
4)形容词用作表语。如:
Are you busy? 你有空吗?
Please feel free to say what you really think. 请随便谈谈你的真实想法吧。
He will not rest content with these victories. 他决不满足于这些胜利。
注意下面句子中的系表结构:
Our dream has come true. 我们的梦想实现了。(come作为连系动词还常后接easy,loose,natural等,表示向好方面的变化)
Her skin went brown in the sun. 她的皮肤晒黑了。(go作为连系动词还常后接mad,hungry,bad,wrong,blind等,表示由强转弱方面的变化)
He fell sick. 他病了。(fall作为连系动词还常后接asleep,flat,short,ill,silent等,表示一种变化,陷入某种状态中)
Keep fit. 保重。(keep作为连系动词还常后接quiet,calm,cool,well,warm,silent,clean,dry等,表示保持某种状态)
The well ran dry. 这口井干枯了。(run作为连系动词还常后接short,loose,wild,cold等,表示变化)
5)副词用作表语。如:
Are you there? 你听着吗?(电话用语)
Is anybody in? 里面有人吗?
My day’s work is over. 我这一天的工作做完了。
6)不定式用作表语。如:
All I could do was wait. 我只能等待。
My answer to his threat was to hit him on toe nose. 我对他的威胁的回答是照他的鼻子打去。
To have knowledge is to know the true from the false, and high things from low. 求知就是辨别真伪与高卑。
连系动词seem,appear等常后接不定式to be,以加强连系动词的力量,尤其是后接名词时,一定要用不定式to be。如:
A thin person always seems to be taller than he really is. 一个瘦个子总似乎比他的实际高度要高些。
The verdict appears to be just. 判决似乎是公正的。
7)动名词用作表语。如:
Complimenting is lying. 恭维即是说谎。
Is that asking so much? 这是要的高了吗?
Crowning “stars” among literary upstarts is killing them. 把所谓“明星”捧作文坛新贵即是扼杀他们。
8)分词用作表语。如:
It’s surprising that you haven’t met. 真想不到你们未见过面。(surprising是现在分词)
I was so much surprised at it. 我对此事感到很惊讶。(surprised是过去分词)
I’m very pleased with what he has done. 我对他所干的活很满意。(pleased是过去分词)
I feel inclined to agree. 我倾向于同意。(be或feel inclined可看作是固定搭配)
9)介词短语用作表语。如:
She is in good health. 她很健康。
They appear out of breath. 他们似乎喘不过气来了。
The show is from seven till ten. 演出时间为7点至10点。
介词of表“具有”时,其短语亦常用作表语。如:
I’m quite of your opinion. 我完全同意你的意见。
It appears of no value. 它似乎没有价值。
引导表语的介词of还常后接age,benefit,birth,charm,consequence,harm,importance,interest,kind,nature,origin,quality,significance,stock,type等。
10)从句用作表语。如:
Is that why you were angry? 这就是你发怒的原因吗?
That is what he means. 这就是他的意思。
This is where I first met her. 这就是我初次与她会面的地方。
My strongest memory is when I attended a Chinese wedding. 我最深的印象是我参加一次中国婚礼的情景。
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