have和 have been 怎么用
have一般认为是现在完成时的标志.一般来说有两种用法:
1、过去的动作对现在有影响,用现在完成时,
如:
He has gone home,because he promised that he would visit his mom.
因为答应过要探望母亲,他现在回家了.
2、过去的动作延续到现在,其实就是从属于第1点,一般和since、for连用,
如:
He has lived here since 2010.自从2010年他已经在这住下了.
He has lived here for 5 years/since 5 years ago.他在这已经住下有5年了.
而have been也有两层意思:
1、have been可以认为是现在完成进行时的标志.结构have been doing.
一般来说现在完成进行时有两种用法.一表示过去的动作延续到现在,并有可能延续下去:
He has been working out all day.他整天在锻炼.(暗示有可能继续锻炼.)
二是现在完成进行时有时富有情感色彩.这是现在完成时所没有的功能:
He has been always talking with his girlfriend.他总在跟女友唠叨.(有情感色彩)
He has always talked with his girlfriend.他总跟女友聊天.(没有感情色彩)
还有,have和have been可以认为是现在完成时的主动形式和被动形式,
如:
He has gone to work.他已去上班了.(主动)
He has been arrested.他被逮捕了.(被动)
希望能帮到你,望采纳,谢谢
助动词have的主要用法是:
1)与过去分词构成各种完成时态。如:
Newton has explained the movements of he moon from the attractions of the earth. 牛顿阐明了月球受到地球引力而运行的规律。
Reluctantly, she opened the door, she had not kept it locked; there had been no need. 她勉强地开了门。她没有锁门,也没有必要锁门。
2)与been+现在分词构成各种完成进行时态。如:
Men have been digging salt out of it for six hundred years, and yet there seems as much left as ever. 人们在这里掘盐已六百年,但盐似乎还是那么多。
In another month’s time Mr. Henry will have been teaching here for exactly thirty years. 再过一个月,亨利先生就将在这里从事教学整30年了。
此外,have还可用作实义动词,意谓“有”、“吃”等。如:
Bad news has wings. 丑事传千里。
You’re anaemic, you must have some iron. 你患贫血症,应该服一些铁。
have还可用作使役动词。如:
We now have the problem solved. 我们现已把这个问题解决了。
I had a tooth pulled out this afternoon. 我今天下午拔了颗牙。