Question

SQLSERVER语句 in和exists哪个效率高本人测试证明

Answer 1

例如下面两个SQL语句

1 SELECT OrderNo, SiteCode, AreaCode
2 FROM SchedulingProgram
3 WHERE AreaCode IN ( 'P', 'M' ) AND SiteCode IN ( SELECT SiteCode
4 FROM EnvBasicInfo
5 WHERE cityiD = 31 ) AND OrderNo NOT IN (
6 SELECT OrderNo
7 FROM KK_DeliveryinfoTmp )

上面SQL语句IN里面有IN和NOT IN

1 SELECT OrderNo, SiteCode, AreaCode
2 FROM SchedulingProgram
3 WHERE ( AreaCode IN ( 'P', 'M' ) AND SiteCode IN ( SELECT SiteCode
4 FROM EnvBasicInfo
5 WHERE cityiD = 31 )
6 ) AND NOT EXISTS ( SELECT OrderNo
7 FROM KK_DeliveryinfoTmp
8 WHERE KK_DeliveryinfoTmp.OrderNo = SchedulingProgram.OrderNo )

上面的SQL语句IN里面又有NOT EXISTS

这样的情况很难测试同等条件下IN语句和EXISTS语句的效率

还有一个非SARG运算符

在《SQLSERVER企业级平台管理实践》的第424页里提到：

SQLSERVER对筛选条件（search argument/SARG）的写法有一定的建议

对于不使用SARG运算符的表达式，索引是没有用的，SQLSERVER对它们很难使用比较优化的做法。非SARG运算符包括

NOT、<>、NOT EXISTS、NOT IN、NOT LIKE和内部函数，例如：Convert、Upper等

所以当您的表中有索引并且SQL语句包含非SARG运算符，那么当测试SQL语句的执行时间的时候肯定相差很大，

因为有些SQL语句走索引，有些SQL语句不走索引

建表脚本

注意：两个表中都有索引！！

CT_FuelingData表

1 USE [GPOSDB]
2 GO
3 /****** 对象: Table [dbo].[CT_FuelingData] 脚本日期: 08/24/2013 11:00:34 ******/
4 SET ANSI_NULLS ON
5 GO
6 SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
7 GO
8 SET ANSI_PADDING ON
9 GO
10 CREATE TABLE [dbo].[CT_FuelingData](
11 [RecordNO] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
12 [I_FD_StationNo] [int] NOT NULL,
13 [VC_FD_No] [varchar](50) NOT NULL,
14 [VC_FD_Cardno] [varchar](50) NOT NULL,
15 [I_FD_CardStatus] [int] NULL,
16 [LI_FD_CTC] [bigint] NOT NULL,
17 [I_FD_TypeCode] [int] NULL,
18 [I_FD_PumpID] [int] NOT NULL,
19 [VC_FD_OilType] [varchar](50) NULL,
20 [DE_FD_Volume] [decimal](18, 2) NULL,
21 [DE_FD_Price] [decimal](18, 2) NULL,
22 [DE_FD_Amount] [decimal](18, 2) NULL,
23 [I_FD_Point] [decimal](10, 2) NULL,
24 [D_FD_DateTime] [datetime] NOT NULL,
25 [VC_FD_GroupNo] [varchar](50) NULL,
26 [D_FD_GroupDate] [datetime] NULL,
27 [DE_FD_CardAmount] [decimal](18, 2) NULL,
28 [DE_FD_VolumeTotals] [decimal](18, 2) NULL,
29 [DE_FD_AmountTotals] [decimal](18, 2) NULL,
30 [I_FD_ISSend] [int] NULL,
31 [VC_FD_CardMoneyauthFile] [varchar](50) NULL,
32 [D_Month] [datetime] NULL,
33 CONSTRAINT [PK_CT_FuelingData_1] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
34 (
35 [VC_FD_No] ASC
36 )WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
37 ) ON [PRIMARY]
38
39 GO
40 SET ANSI_PADDING OFF

CT_InhouseCard表
1 USE [GPOSDB]
2 GO
3 /****** 对象: Table [dbo].[CT_InhouseCard] 脚本日期: 08/24/2013 10:59:58 ******/
4 SET ANSI_NULLS ON
5 GO
6 SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
7 GO
8 SET ANSI_PADDING ON
9 GO
10 CREATE TABLE [dbo].[CT_InhouseCard](
11 [RecordNO] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
12 [VC_IC_CardNO] [varchar](50) NOT NULL,
13 [VC_IC_PhysicalNO] [varchar](50) NULL,
14 [I_IC_CardType] [int] NULL,
15 [VC_IC_UserName] [varchar](50) NULL,
16 [VC_IC_JobNO] [varchar](50) NULL,
17 [VC_IC_UserID] [varchar](50) NULL,
18 [VC_IC_Password] [varchar](50) NULL,
19 [DE_IC_CardAmount] [decimal](18, 2) NULL,
20 [DE_IC_AppendAmount] [decimal](18, 2) NULL,
21 [DE_IC_ConsumerAmount] [decimal](18, 2) NULL,
22 [I_IC_ISLost] [int] NULL,
23 [D_IC_UsedDateTime] [datetime] NULL,
24 [D_IC_UselifeDateTime] [datetime] NULL,
25 [I_IC_IssueStationNO] [int] NULL,
26 [VC_IC_IssuerNO] [varchar](50) NULL,
27 [D_IC_IssueDateTime] [datetime] NULL,
28 [D_IC_LastUpdateDateTime] [datetime] NULL,
29 [I_IC_CardStatus] [int] NULL,
30 [VC_IC_Remark] [varchar](256) NULL,
31 CONSTRAINT [PK_CT_InhouseCard] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
32 (
33 [VC_IC_CardNO] ASC
34 )WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
35 ) ON [PRIMARY]
36
37 GO
38 SET ANSI_PADDING OFF

Answer 2

IN 与 EXISTS 的区别
IN
确定给定的值是否与子查询或列表中的值相匹配。

EXISTS
指定一个子查询，检测行的存在。

比较使用 EXISTS 和 IN 的查询

这个例子比较了两个语义类似的查询。
第一个查询使用 EXISTS 而第二个查询使用 IN。注意两个查询返回相同的信息。
SELECT DISTINCT pub_name
FROM publishers
WHERE EXISTS
(SELECT *
FROM titles
WHERE pub_id = publishers.pub_id
AND type = 'business')

-- Or, using the IN clause:

SELECT distinct pub_name
FROM publishers
WHERE pub_id IN
(SELECT pub_id
FROM titles
WHERE type = 'business')

下面是任一查询的结果集：
pub_name
----------------------------------------
Algodata Infosystems
New Moon Books

exits 相当于存在量词：表示集合存在,也就是集合不为空只作用一个集合.
例如 exist P表示P不空时为真; not exist P表示p为空时为真in表示一个标量和一元关系的关系。
例如：s in P表示当s与P中的某个值相等时 为真; s not in P 表示s与P中的每一个值都不相等时 为真

在Oracle SQL中取数据时有时要用到in 和 exists 那么他们有什么区别呢？

1)性能上的比较
比如Select * from T1 where x in ( select y from T2 )
执行的过程相当于:
select *
from t1, ( select distinct y from t2 ) t2
where t1.x = t2.y;

相对的

select * from t1 where exists ( select null from t2 where y = x )
执行的过程相当于:
for x in ( select * from t1 )
loop
if ( exists ( select null from t2 where y = x.x )
then
OUTPUT THE RECORD
end if
end loop
表 T1 不可避免的要被完全扫描一遍