when引导的时间状语从句
1.将when翻译成;当……时候,此时主句与从句时台一样。
2.将when翻译成;……就在这时。有三个常用句型
A。Be doing sth.when……正在做什么,就在这时
B。be about to do sth.when……正要做什么,就在这时。(不知带你们老师将时态的时候说没说这个)
C。have done sth. when……刚刚做完什么,就在这时……,但是这三个只是常用句型,有时 在时间、条件等状语从句里,用一般现在时表示将来时;当需要表达将来完成的意义时,必须使
用现在完成时来代替候when引导的这类从句,前后时态也一样。 表示过去发生的事情,在 when 引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句中,动作发生在先的用过去完成时,在后的用过去时。表示前面的叙述所没有提到过的信息。它总是对所描述的事件予以引人注目的强调,意为“这时;
突然”;当位于句末的分句具有引种用法时,大致有以下三种情况:
A. when 分句前面的分句使用过去进行时。如:
(1) He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in. 他正笑着的时候,门突然
开了,他妻子走了进来。
(2) I was thinking of this when I heard my name called. 我正想着这件事时,突然听到有人叫我
的名字。
B. when 分句前面的分句使用 was (were) about to, was (were) on the point 等。如:
(1) We were about to start when it began to rain. 我们刚要出发就开始下雨了。
(2) He was on the point of leaving when someone knocked at the door. 他刚要走就有人敲门。
C. when 分句之前的分句用过去完成时,其中 sb had hardly / scarcely /barely … when 已成为固
定词组。如:
(1) We had hardly fallen asleep when the bell rang. 我们刚刚入睡,铃声就响了起来。
(2) He had scarcely arrived when he had to leave again. 他刚刚到达就又要离开了。
表示条件,相当于 if ,引导条件状语从句。如:
How can I get a job when I can't even read or write? 如果我连读和写都不会,我怎么能找到
工作呢?
4. 表示对比,主要有以下两种情况:
A. 相当于 whereas, while, since, 意为“既然;然而”。如:
(1) How can I help them to understand when they won't listen to me? 既然他们不愿听我的,
我又怎么能帮助他们弄明白呢?
(2)They have only three copies when we need five. 他们只有三本,而我们却需要五本。
B. when 从句中使用虚拟语气,意为“本来……却……”。如:
(1) She paid when she could have entered free. 本来可以免费入场,而她却付了款。
(2) She stopped trying when she might have succeeded next time. 她本来下次有可能获得成
功,但她却不再尝试了。
(3) They were gossiping, when they should have been working. 他们本该工作,却在那里说别人的闲话。