动词不定式转换为从句
动词不定式应该怎么转换为从句?要遵循哪几个步骤?转换为各种从句时应该注意哪方面的问题?请尽可能地详细说明，非常感谢！...
动词不定式应该怎么转换为从句?要遵循哪几个步骤?
转换为各种从句时应该注意哪方面的问题?
请尽可能地详细说明，非常感谢！ 展开
转换为各种从句时应该注意哪方面的问题?
请尽可能地详细说明，非常感谢！ 展开
2个回答
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一、动词不定式是一个仅仅含有动词原形和附加成分（宾语、表语）以及连带成分（状语）的短语，转换为从句时主要围绕动词做文章。既然不定式变成谓语动词，以下几点必需要考虑：
1. 在原句中找出不定式的逻辑主语，使其成为转换成句子后的主语；
2. 确定不定式所表达的时态或情态，把转换后的谓语动词变成相应的时态（将来、一般、完成或进行），有时候还有必要另加情态动词 can/could, may/might；
3. 确定原不定式在句子中所充当的成分（主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语），然后加上必要的关连词改为相应的从句。
二、与转换有关的不定式的相关知识
A. 不定式的逻辑主语有下列几种情况
1. 句子的主语就是不定式的逻辑主语，如：
He helped to build a reservoir.
You mustcome to see me on Sunday.
What have I done to make you so angry?
2. 不定式的逻辑主语是相邻的名词
It's kind of you to see me.
We know her to be a brave girl.
Did you see him enter the room?
It is for you to decide.
3. 不定式的逻辑主语存在于不言自明的语境中
To talk with him is a great pleasure. (可能是 we, you 或 everybody)
Our plan is to finish the work in two weeks. (we)
It is wrong not to help others. (we, they 或 you)
B. 不定式的时态
1. 不定式的一般式的行为常表示下列两种时间：
* 如果作宾补，与谓语动词同时发生，如：
I saw him go out.
Would you help me to put things in order?
* 其他情况多数发生在谓语动词后，如：
I hope to see you again.
He wanted to be an actor.
2. 不定式的完成式的行为发生在谓语动词之前，如：
I am sorry to have kept you waiting.
3. 不定式的进行式的行为发与谓语动词同时发生，如：
He seems to be recovering.
C. 不定式的词性以及在句子中充当的成分
1. 名词性
主语： It is our duty to help you.
宾语： She decided to try again.
表语： Her job is to take care of the children.
2. 形容词性
定语：He is always the first one to get up.
3. 副词性
目的状语：He came here to see me yesterday.
结果状语：He is too excited to go to sleep.
形容词补足语：I am sorry to hear that.
三、转换实例
1. 不定式——名词从句
to talk with him is a great pleasure. ( 主语)
--It is a great pleasure (that we can) talk with him.
He hopes to be a sailor.（宾语）
-- He hopes (that he can) be a sailor.
My suggestion is to wait a little longger.（表语）
-- My suggestion is (that we should) wait a little longger.
The plan to finish the work in two weeks has been handed in. （同位语）
-- The plan (that we/they should) finish the work in two weeks has been handed in.
2. 不定式——定语从句
He is the only one to go to the party in our class.
-- He is the only one (who will/may) go to the party in our class.
3. 不定式——状语从句
We all work hard in order to complete our assignment in time. (目的)
-- We all work hard in order (that we can) complete our assignment in time.
We hurried so as to be in time for the meeting. (目的)
-- We hurried so as (that we might) be in time for the meeting.
He is too young to join the army (结果)
-- He is too young (that he could not) join the army.
His behaviour was such as for us all to refuse to receive him in our homes. (结果)
-- His behaviour was such (that we all refused) to receive him in our homes.
I'm very sorry to have kept you waiting. (原因)
-- I'm very sorry (because/as/for I) have kept you waiting.
四、不定式的转换有时候不能死板硬套上面的格式，有些特殊情况还需要特殊对待。如：
For a moment (I seemed to) have lost consciousness.
-- (It seemed that I) had lost consciousness.
(They happened to) meet each other in the street.
-- (It so happened that) they met each other in the street.
1. 在原句中找出不定式的逻辑主语，使其成为转换成句子后的主语；
2. 确定不定式所表达的时态或情态，把转换后的谓语动词变成相应的时态（将来、一般、完成或进行），有时候还有必要另加情态动词 can/could, may/might；
3. 确定原不定式在句子中所充当的成分（主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语），然后加上必要的关连词改为相应的从句。
二、与转换有关的不定式的相关知识
A. 不定式的逻辑主语有下列几种情况
1. 句子的主语就是不定式的逻辑主语，如：
He helped to build a reservoir.
You mustcome to see me on Sunday.
What have I done to make you so angry?
2. 不定式的逻辑主语是相邻的名词
It's kind of you to see me.
We know her to be a brave girl.
Did you see him enter the room?
It is for you to decide.
3. 不定式的逻辑主语存在于不言自明的语境中
To talk with him is a great pleasure. (可能是 we, you 或 everybody)
Our plan is to finish the work in two weeks. (we)
It is wrong not to help others. (we, they 或 you)
B. 不定式的时态
1. 不定式的一般式的行为常表示下列两种时间：
* 如果作宾补，与谓语动词同时发生，如：
I saw him go out.
Would you help me to put things in order?
* 其他情况多数发生在谓语动词后，如：
I hope to see you again.
He wanted to be an actor.
2. 不定式的完成式的行为发生在谓语动词之前，如：
I am sorry to have kept you waiting.
3. 不定式的进行式的行为发与谓语动词同时发生，如：
He seems to be recovering.
C. 不定式的词性以及在句子中充当的成分
1. 名词性
主语： It is our duty to help you.
宾语： She decided to try again.
表语： Her job is to take care of the children.
2. 形容词性
定语：He is always the first one to get up.
3. 副词性
目的状语：He came here to see me yesterday.
结果状语：He is too excited to go to sleep.
形容词补足语：I am sorry to hear that.
三、转换实例
1. 不定式——名词从句
to talk with him is a great pleasure. ( 主语)
--It is a great pleasure (that we can) talk with him.
He hopes to be a sailor.（宾语）
-- He hopes (that he can) be a sailor.
My suggestion is to wait a little longger.（表语）
-- My suggestion is (that we should) wait a little longger.
The plan to finish the work in two weeks has been handed in. （同位语）
-- The plan (that we/they should) finish the work in two weeks has been handed in.
2. 不定式——定语从句
He is the only one to go to the party in our class.
-- He is the only one (who will/may) go to the party in our class.
3. 不定式——状语从句
We all work hard in order to complete our assignment in time. (目的)
-- We all work hard in order (that we can) complete our assignment in time.
We hurried so as to be in time for the meeting. (目的)
-- We hurried so as (that we might) be in time for the meeting.
He is too young to join the army (结果)
-- He is too young (that he could not) join the army.
His behaviour was such as for us all to refuse to receive him in our homes. (结果)
-- His behaviour was such (that we all refused) to receive him in our homes.
I'm very sorry to have kept you waiting. (原因)
-- I'm very sorry (because/as/for I) have kept you waiting.
四、不定式的转换有时候不能死板硬套上面的格式，有些特殊情况还需要特殊对待。如：
For a moment (I seemed to) have lost consciousness.
-- (It seemed that I) had lost consciousness.
(They happened to) meet each other in the street.
-- (It so happened that) they met each other in the street.
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动词不定式可用来修饰名词或代词，起定语的作用。同样，从句也可担任定语，即定语从句。本文就常见的几种动词不定式短语变定语从句的情况作个简单的小结。
一、动词不定式短语作定语时，动词不定式常可变为定语从句。如：
He is a man to believe in.→
He is a man who is worth believing in.
二、不定式的被动语态作后置定语，其修饰的名词一般是不定式的动作的逻辑宾语。此时，不定式相当于一个被动式的定语从句。如：
Another agreement to be assigned tomorrow will concern technical cooperation. →
Another agreement which is to be assigned tomorrow will concern technical cooperation.
三、在“There + be + 主语 + 不定式”的结构中，作后置定语的不定式可以是被动形式，也可以是主动形式表示被动意义。这两种意义都可变为定义从句。如：
There is nothing to fear. =There is nothing to be feared. →
There is nothing that can be feared.
四、逻辑主语不是句子的主语时，可用“+名词或代词宾格（表示不定式的逻辑主语）+不定式”的复合结构来作定语。如：
That was probably the best way for us to overcome the difficulties.
这种复合结构的动词不定式也可以变为定语从句：That was probably the best way by which we might overcome the difficulties.
五、不定式当定语，由于意义和结构上的需要，动词后面需跟上介词。如：
At least there’s something to write home about.
不难看出，这样的结构几乎完全等于一个定语从句。上句可变为：At least there’s something about which I can write home.
六、在“the first/second叙述词+名词”以及“the last/only +名词”后面，有时在“形容词最高级+名词”后面，用动词不定式作定语，也可扩展为定语从句。如：
He is always the last man to leave the lab.→
He is always the last man who leaves the lab.
这种情况下，如果名词是动词不定式的宾语，那么动词不定式可以用被动语态，又可扩展为被动式定语从句。如：
Tom was the first man to be trusted. →
Tom was the first man who was trusted.
七、不定式短语变为定语从句时要注意两点：
1.应注意时间概念。一般来讲，动词不定式作定语常含有将来时间概念。但有时也可表示过去的时间概念。如：
He was the second man to be killed in this way. →
He was the second man who was killed in this ways.
2.有时不定式定语与被修饰的名词之间属于同位结构。此时，可以将不定式结构转换为定语从句，更多的情况是将其变为同位语从句。如：
The thing to do is what everyone else is doing. →
The thing that you should do is what everyone else is doing.
一、动词不定式短语作定语时，动词不定式常可变为定语从句。如：
He is a man to believe in.→
He is a man who is worth believing in.
二、不定式的被动语态作后置定语，其修饰的名词一般是不定式的动作的逻辑宾语。此时，不定式相当于一个被动式的定语从句。如：
Another agreement to be assigned tomorrow will concern technical cooperation. →
Another agreement which is to be assigned tomorrow will concern technical cooperation.
三、在“There + be + 主语 + 不定式”的结构中，作后置定语的不定式可以是被动形式，也可以是主动形式表示被动意义。这两种意义都可变为定义从句。如：
There is nothing to fear. =There is nothing to be feared. →
There is nothing that can be feared.
四、逻辑主语不是句子的主语时，可用“+名词或代词宾格（表示不定式的逻辑主语）+不定式”的复合结构来作定语。如：
That was probably the best way for us to overcome the difficulties.
这种复合结构的动词不定式也可以变为定语从句：That was probably the best way by which we might overcome the difficulties.
五、不定式当定语，由于意义和结构上的需要，动词后面需跟上介词。如：
At least there’s something to write home about.
不难看出，这样的结构几乎完全等于一个定语从句。上句可变为：At least there’s something about which I can write home.
六、在“the first/second叙述词+名词”以及“the last/only +名词”后面，有时在“形容词最高级+名词”后面，用动词不定式作定语，也可扩展为定语从句。如：
He is always the last man to leave the lab.→
He is always the last man who leaves the lab.
这种情况下，如果名词是动词不定式的宾语，那么动词不定式可以用被动语态，又可扩展为被动式定语从句。如：
Tom was the first man to be trusted. →
Tom was the first man who was trusted.
七、不定式短语变为定语从句时要注意两点：
1.应注意时间概念。一般来讲，动词不定式作定语常含有将来时间概念。但有时也可表示过去的时间概念。如：
He was the second man to be killed in this way. →
He was the second man who was killed in this ways.
2.有时不定式定语与被修饰的名词之间属于同位结构。此时，可以将不定式结构转换为定语从句，更多的情况是将其变为同位语从句。如：
The thing to do is what everyone else is doing. →
The thing that you should do is what everyone else is doing.
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