Question

英语 关于have与have been

句子1 doctor have been instrumental in improving living standards in western society.
句子2 sicial factors have interplayed with one another over the past hundred years and made the middle east what it is today.

请问为什么一个是have 一个是have been？

Answer 1

have一般认为是现在完成时的标志.一般来说有两种用法:1、过去的动作对现在有影响,用现在完成时,如: He has gone home,because he promised that he would visit his mom. 因为答应过要探望母亲,他现在回家了.2、过去的动作延续到现在,其实就是从属于第1点,一般和since、for连用,如: He has lived here since 2010. 自从2010年他已经在这住下了. He has lived here for 5 years/since 5 years ago. 他在这已经住下有5年了.而have been也有两层意思:1、have been可以认为是现在完成进行时的标志.结构have been doing. 一般来说现在完成进行时有两种用法.一表示过去的动作延续到现在,并有可能延续下去: He has been working out all day.他整天在锻炼.(暗示有可能继续锻炼.) 二是现在完成进行时有时富有情感色彩.这是现在完成时所没有的功能: He has been always talking with his girlfriend. 他总在跟女友唠叨.(有情感色彩) He has always talked with his girlfriend. 他总跟女友聊天.(没有感情色彩)还有,have和have been可以认为是现在完成时的主动形式和被动形式,如: He has gone to work. 他已去上班了.(主动) He has been arrested.他被逮捕了.(被动)

Answer 2

第一个been 是和instrumental 连用的，表示"起作用"，或者"有帮助"，是一个系动词和形容词的基本用法，比如说The book is good. 我们写成The book has been good。

第二个后面是动词interplayed ，也就相当于第一句的been的位置。再比如，He play game. 变成He has palyed game.

Answer 3

have been ，instrumental是形容词，been是be的过去分词。
have interplayed，interplayed是一个过去分词
就是have加过去分词构成现在完成时

Answer 4

1) to be instrumental in sth. 有助于。。。 = 是 to be 的句型 = 医生有助于。。。
2）to have interplayed with 相互影响（作用）= to do 的句型 =社会因素相互影响（作用）