Question

英语从句的翻译 谁能来帮帮我~

It signals a change in what has been a key element of scientific endeavour.
它表明科学研究中一个关键要素发生了改变。
我把它译为了：它表明了一个改变，在这个改变中有一个科学的关键因素。
这句话里面的 in what has been 因该怎么理解，是定于从句吗？那从句中的谓语动词变成了:has been change那主语成了：一个科学的关键因素。这句话不是强调句，怎么倒装翻译了.
如果改成： 有没有语法错误
It signals a change in which has a key element of scientific endeavour.
是不是就翻译成：它表明了一个改变，在这个改变中有一个科学的关键因素。

Answer 1

It signals a change in what has been a key element of scientific endeavour.
= It signals a change what a key element of scientific has been in.
但是一般英语里不把介词放在句末,因此就将in提前,而has been为了保持与in的衔接连贯性,亦也被提前.

如果将整句话拆开,就是: It signals a change and the key element of scientific endeavour has been in the change.
这样很显然,是"科学的关键因素"在"改变",而不是"改变"中有"科学关键因素".在这里,in the change中的in不应该生硬地理解为"在...之中",而应当将其与"has been"联系起来看,意译为一种状态,即"发生了改变".

in what has been本身不是定语从句,真正的定语从句是后面的a key element of scientific endeavour has been in (the change); 从句中的动词就是been.

你的改法从语法上来看句子本身没有错,但是一般表示"有",尤其当从句中的关系代词指代主语的时候,都不用"has",而用"possess","there is/are"或者其他.但是,如果说从意思上来看,就有许偏差. 原句中的谓语不是"has",而是"been",has been 连在一起,与in the change结合表示一种持续发展的状态,而把been去掉,只取has---有-----的意思,就很生硬地将a key element of scientific endeavour套进了change中,很别扭.

Hope it helps.

Answer 2

我觉得这句话的结构应该是这样的：
It signals a change in what （which/that) has been a key element of scientific endeavour.
其中what代表某个领域，某方面，某事物，而what之后的（which/that) has been a key element of scientific endeavour.是用来修饰what这个中心词的。

任何从句（从句也就是句子套句子嘛）都可以还原成2个及其以上的分句，原句可以分解成：
It signals a change in what .what has been a key element of scientific endeavour.这意味着在某方面发生了改变，而这方面已经成为科学探索（或译为：努力）的一个关键因素。

再来看看你的理解：It signals a change in which has a key element of scientific endeavour.

如果按你的理解来的话，去掉in which的话，应该是2个(语法上成立的,只是少了些补充说明的修饰成分)句子。而从句（has a key element of scientific endeavour.）不是一个完整的句子，反证你的理解是不正确的.
下面我举些定语从句的例子，你可以发现，都能分成2个独立的句子，那么它们是可以通过in which,for which等来实现逻辑上的关联的 ：

eg1:This is the city in which I stayed last year.
主句：This is the city .从句：I stayed last year.

eg2:I'll never forget these days in/during which I stayed with you.
主句：I'll never forget these days .从句：I stayed with you.

eg3:I dislike the way in which you treat me.
主句：I dislike the way 从句：you treat me.

eg4:Can you tell me the reason why you were late?
主句：Can you tell me the reason ？从句：you were late.

顺便说下,没有in what引导的定语从句，也就是说in what之前的那个词不可能是中心词，改成in which也是说不通的。

请考虑一下，谢谢！