1、动名词具有名词性,可以充当名词所作的成分主语、宾语、名词性表语以及名词性定语。如:
(Working at a new invention) is very interesting. 从事一项新的发明很有趣。【主语】
I enjoy (fishing on weekends). 我喜欢在周末钓鱼。【动词宾语】
He looked forward to seeing you soon. 他期待很快见到你。【介词宾语】
Her job was (washing clothes). 她的工作是洗衣服,【表语】
I went tothe (swimming pool) yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午我去了游泳池。【修饰 pool 的定语】
2、 分词具有形容词性或副词性,可以用作表特征或状态的定语和表语,也可以用作状语(时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随情况)。现在分词表示主动行为,过去分词表示被动行为。
定语
We must learn from the (working people). 我们应该向劳动人民学习。【working people = people who work】
He was inrather (worn clothes). 他穿着相当破的衣服。【worn clothes = clothes which were worn】
表语
The film is very (moving). 这部电影很动人。
The cup is (broken). 这个杯子是破的。
状语
(Entering the room), he saw there were many people in it. 进入房间时,他看到里面佑许多人。【时间状语】
(when Invited by him), I left for the party.受到他的邀请,我就去参那次加聚会了。时间状语】
(Being a party member), he is ready to do anything. 由于是一个党员,他准备好做任何事情。【原因状语】
Inspired by the spirit, he decided to be a volunteer. 由于受那种精神的鼓舞,他决定当一名志愿者。【原因状语】
(Given more hours), he could have done it better. 要是给更多的时间,他能把这件事做得更好。【条件状语】
She stood there, waiting for the bus. 他站在那里在等公交车。【伴随状语】