Question

英语文章

On 3 March 2009, a package of reforms about ATM charge designed to improve competition in the Australian ATM system came into effect. Specifically, the reforms have made it easier for new providers of ATM services to enter the market and have provided ATM owners with the freedom to charge customers for the use of ATMs. Furthermore, the reforms have increased the transparency of ATM fees by ensuring that the fee charged by the ATM owner is displayed prior(在…之前) to the transaction(交易) being finished, with the customer given the opportunity to cancel the transaction at no cost.

One element of the reforms is the removal of interchange fees that card issuers paid to ATM owners when cardholders used ATMs that did not belong to their financial institution. These fees were often passed on, with a huge profit, by card issuers to cardholders in the form of a “foreign fee”. With the removal of interchange fees, the cost to card issuers when their customers use an ATM belonging to another unit has fallen, reducing the need to charge “foreign fees”.

Following the reforms, an ATM owner can charge a cardholder directly for an ATM transaction. When the ATM owner charges such a fee, it must be disclosed before the cardholder withdraws the cash or makes a balance enquiry, and it doesn’t apply if the transaction is cancelled before completion. And an ATM owner could impose direct charges on all customers, including its own if it’s also a financial institution.

Before the reforms, an interchange fee was paid by the cardholder’s financial institution to the ATM owner whenever a “foreign” ATM transaction was undertaken. And now the interchange fee paid has been cancelled and, in line with this, foreign fees have also fallen. In some cases, including two of the major banks, foreign fees were reduced to zero.

看不太懂，希望朋友们帮忙翻译下，谢谢啊。机器的就不要了。

Answer 1

2009年3月3日，一系列以促进竞争为目的的对自动提款机收费服务的改革在澳大利亚境内生效。此项改革的特别之处在于，它为新的自动提款机服务制造商进入市场开了方便之门，并且使自动提款机的所有方能够针对自动提款机使用者自由收取服务费。除此之外，此项改革提高了自动提款机收取服务的透明度——在取款者提交交易项目完成交易之前，自动提款机会显示出本次交易所收取的服务费，此时，若取款者取消交易，是不需要付出服务费的。
此项改革中的其中一项是取消了跨行收取的服务费——跨行服务费是指当持卡者在使用非自己的开户行所有的提款机时付给提款机运营商的费用。这项费用通常是通过发行银行扣除持卡者银行卡中的存款而收取的，当中会带给发卡银行极大利润。随着跨行服务费的取消，发卡银行在其客户使用其它银行的提款机时需要付出的费用大大降低，跨行服务费的收取需要也减少了。
根据此项改革，提款机运营商可以直接向使用提昆季的持卡者收取服务费。当运营商收取服务费时，必须在持卡者取款或查询余额之前，提示所需收取的费用。并且在交易中途取消时，此项费用不生效。提款机运营商可以向所有消费者收取服务费，包括自己的银行客户——如果运营商同事又是一个金融机构（银行）的话。
在改革之前，当持卡者使用自动提款机时，跨行服务费的收取是由发卡银行向提款机运营商支付的。而现在，跨行服务费已被取消，非本行服务费也以降低。在某些情况下，在两个较大的银行之间的非本行服务费已经归零。

PS翻译的不是精准，请自己再看一下。