Question

定语从句that和which的区别

Answer 1

定语从句that和which的用法区别
一、that
(指人，也可物，从句中作主语或宾语，还可以作表语，作宾语或表语可以省略)
He
is
not
the
man
that
he
used
to
be.
that
在从句中作介词的宾语，介词不提前，反之介词提前，必不用that.
The
house
that
we
live
in
is
not
large.
The
house
in
which
we
live
is
not
large.
The
house
we
live
in
is
not
large.
二、which
指物
(从句中作主语或宾语，还可以作表语，作宾语或表语可以省略)
That
指物可以与which互换，以下几种情况只用that。
1.
先行词all,
everything,
nothing,
something,
anything,
little,
much
等不定代词
2.
先行词被all,
every,
no,
some,
any,
little,
much
等修饰。
3.
先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
4.
先行词被the
only,
the
very,
the
same,
the
last
修饰时。
That
white
flower
is
the
only
one
that
I
really
like.
This
is
the
very
book
that
I
want
to
have.
The
last
place
that
we
visited
was
the
chemical
works.
5.
有两个或两个以上的分别表示人和物的先行词，从句应用that,而不是其他。
He
talked
about
the
teachers
and
schools
that
he
had
visited.
6.
当主句是以who,
which
开头的特殊疑问句时，定语从句多用that,而不用who
(whom),which。
Who
is
the
person
that
is
standing
at
the
gate?
以上通常是使用于物，人一般不受限制，但如果正式和严谨可以遵循这一原则。

Answer 2

　that与which两者都可指物，常可互换。其区别主要在于它们在定语从句中的用法。
　（一）只能使用which的情况：
　　1. 引导非限制性定语从句时，通常要用which。
　　如：She received a bunch of roses from her boyfriend, which came as a surprise. 她收到了男朋友的一束玫瑰花，这是她意想不到的。
　　She has to work on Sundays, which she doesn’t like. 她得在星期天工作，她是不喜欢这样的。
　　2. 直接放在介词后作宾语时，通常要用which。
　　如：The tool with which he is working is called a plier. 他干活用的那个工具叫做钳子。
　　Mary may be late, in which case we ought to wait for her. 玛丽可能晚到，那样我们就要等等她。
　　The news report for which they were searching have been recovered. 他们找寻的新闻报道已找到了。
　　（二）只能使用that的情况：
　　1. 当先行词是下列不定代词或被它们修饰时，比如much, little, none, all, few, every(thing), any(thing), no(thing) 等时，通常用that。
　　如：There was little that the enemy could do but surrender. 敌人无法,只有投降了。
　　You should hand in all that you have. 你应该把你所有的都交上来。
　　She would never do anything that was not approved of by her parents. 她父母不赞同的事她绝不会做。
　　2. 当先行词有the very, the only, the same 等修饰时，通常用that。
　　如：This is the only example that I know. 我知道的例子只有这一个。
　　The only thing that we can do is to give you some money. 我们能做的就是给你一些钱。
　　3. 当先行词有形容词级或序数词(包括last, next等)等修饰时，通常用that。
　　如：This is the best dictionary that I’ve ever used. 这是我用过的好的词典。
　　He is the last person that I want to see. 他是我不愿意见到的人。
　　4. 当关系代词在定语从句中用作表语时，通常用that。
　　如：South Africa is not the country (that) it was. 南非已不是过去的南非了。
　　5. 当先行词又有人又有物时，即当先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时，通常用that。
　　如：They talked about the persons and things that most impressed them. 他们谈论了使他们印象深的人和事。
　　I won’t forget the things and the persons that I saw. 我不会忘记我看到的人和事。
　　6. 当要避免重复时，即主句是以which或who开头的特殊疑问句时，通常用that。
　　如：Which is the course that we are to take? 我们选哪门课程？
　　Which is the bike that you lost? 你丢失的自行车是哪辆？