Question

稳派一轮复习英语语法经典讲练七非谓语动词

Answer 1

或许这个有用 谢谢采纳。
非谓语动词：
不定式作状语时相当于一个状语从句，不定式作状语时往往用来作目的状语、结果状语或原因状语。
1．不定式用来作目的状语：作目的状语时，不定式的逻辑主语通常也是全句的主语，这里往往译作“为了，想要”。
(2009•辽宁卷)To be a winner，you need to give all you have and try your best.要想成为赢家，你要付出所有并竭尽全力。
2．不定式用于so...as to ...，such...as to；enough to；too...to；only to等结构中作结果状语。
Would you be so kind as to lend me yourbicycle?
你能不能行行好，借给我你的自行车？
He is such a fool as to think that hisstrange behavior can inflect others.他如此愚蠢以至于认为他奇怪的行为会影响他人。
He hurried to the booking office only tohave been told all the tickets had been sold out.
他匆忙去了售票处，结果被告诉所有的票已经卖完了。
专家提醒：　“only＋to do”表示出乎意料的结果，tell 和主语He 之间存在动宾关系，因而应用不定式的被动结构。而现在分词作结果状语则表示自然而然的结果。
His parents died，leaving him an orphan.
他的父母去世了，使他成为孤儿。
1.(2010•江西卷)There were many talented actors out there just waiting________.
A．to discover B．to bediscovered
C．discovered D．being discovered
解析：　句意为：很多有天赋的演员就在那里等待被发现。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。此题空格处用不定式来表示目的，而且actors与discover之间为被动关系，所以B项为答案。
答案：　B
2．(2010•合肥第二次教学检测)—Why are the students working sohard these days.
—________readyfor the coming entrance examination.
A．To get B．Get
C．Getting D．Got
解析：　考查非谓语动词。根据答语“为了即将来临的入学考试准备”可知，此句是省略句，不定式作状语，表示目的。
答案：　A
3．(2010•新课标全国卷Ⅰ)WithFather’s Day aroundthe corner，I have takensome money out of the bank________presents for my dad.
A．buy B．to buy
C．buying D．to have bought
解析：　句意为：父亲节就要到了，我已经从银行取了些钱出来准备给爸爸买些礼物。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。从语境看，本空在句中作目的状语，用不定式，因此A的动词原形、C的现在分词、D的不定式完成式都不符合题意。
答案：　B
1．过去分词作状语和现在分词作状语一样，修饰主句的谓语动词，意义上相当于状语从句，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随状况等。
(2009•江西卷)Given the right kind of training，these teenager soccer players may one day grow into internationalstars.
如果得到正确的训练，这些少年足球选手有朝一日可能成为国际明星。
(2009•福建卷)Reminded not to miss the flight at 15∶20，the managerset out for the airport in a hurry. 提醒不要错过15∶20的航班，他匆忙出发过了机场。
2．某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化，且往往用于一些系表结构中。此时这些过去分词既不表示被动，也不表示完成，而表示一种状态，这样的词有：lost(迷路的)，seated(坐)，hidden(躲)，lost/absorbedin(沉溺于)，dressed in(穿着)，tired of(感到厌倦)等，不管它们作什么成分都不用其­ing形式。
Lost in the mountains for a week，we were finally saved by the localpolice.在大山里迷失一个星期，我们最终被当地警察所救。
Absorbed in his book，he didn’t notice me enter the room.
专心读书，他没注意到我进入房间。
1.(2010•陕西卷)________from the top of the tower，the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.
A．Seen B．Seeing
C．Having seen D．To see
解析：　句意为：从塔顶往下看，南边的山脚下是一片树的海洋。本题考查分词作状语。分词作状语，其逻辑主语与句子主语一致。主语the south foot of the mountain 与see 在逻辑上为被动关系，四个选项中只有A项表被动。 答案：　A
2．(2010•杭州市第二次教学检测)________bya greater demand for green products，the food company has set higher standards to ensure the quality.
A．Driven B．Being driven
C．To drive D．Having driven
解析：　考查非谓语动词。绿色食品的巨大需求使食品公司制订了更高的标准以保证质量。动词drive与其逻辑主语the foodcompany 存在动宾关系，因此应该使用过去分词。答案：　A
3．(2009•重庆卷)Michael’s new house is like a huge palace，________with his old one.
A．comparing B．compares
C．to compare D．compared
解析：　句意为：和旧房子相比，Michael的新房子就像一座巨大的宫殿。compare与逻辑主语Michael’s new house之间构成被动关系。答案：　D
1．动词的­ing 短语作状语表示在进行一动作的同时所进行的另一动作，它对谓语动词起修饰和陪衬的作用。动词的­ing形式作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随情况。
Being ill，he couldn’t go to school.因为生病，他不能去上学。(原因)
My car was caught in a traffic jam，thus causing the delay.
我的车被交通拥挤堵住，所以延误了。(结果)
As the light turned green，I stood for a moment，not moving，and asked myself what I was goingto do.(伴随)当交通路灯变绿灯时，我站了一会儿，一动不动，自问要做什么事。
2．现在分词有：一般式、被动式、完成式和完成被动式四种形式，每一种形式的否定式都是直接在前面加not 构成。一般式(doing)表示主动的一般性的动作或者正在进行的动作；被动式(being done)表示正在进行的被动的动作；完成式(having done)表示发生在谓语动作之前的主动的动作；完成被动式(having beingdone)表示发生在谓语动作之前的被动的动作。
Not having received a reply，he decided to write again.没有得到答复，他决定再写信去。
The old man，having worked abroad for twenty years，came back to his motherland.(work 与句子的主语The old man之间存在主谓关系，而且work这一动作发生在谓语动作之前)
在国外工作了二十年，这位老人回到了祖国。
Having been scolded many times，he determined to study hard tocatch up with others.
多次被批评之后，他决定努力学习赶上他人。
3．有一些固定结构，如：generally speaking，taking everything into consideration，judging from/by等，无论主语是什么都用这种形式作状语。
Taking everything into consideration，the result is better than expected.
把一切因素考虑进去，结果比预料的要好。
Judging from what he said，he must be an honest man.
从他说的话来判断，他一定是一位诚实的人。
4．现在分词和过去分词作状语的区别：如果是意义上的主谓关系，一般用动词­ing形式；如果是意义上的动宾关系，则一般用过去分词。
Seen from the top of the hill，the park looks even more beautiful.从山顶上看，这个公园显得更加美丽。(see 与主语the park之间存在动宾关系)
Seeing from the top of the hill，we find the park even morebeautiful.
从山顶上看，我们发现这个公园显得更加美丽。(see与主语we之间存在主谓关系)
1.(2010•湖南卷)Dina，________formonths to find a job as a waitress，finally took a position at a local advertising agency.
A．struggling B．struggled C．having struggled D．to struggle
解析：　句意为：几个月以来，Dina一直努力想找一份女服务员的工作，最终她在当地一家广告代理处谋到了一个职位。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。设空处与句子主语为逻辑上的主谓关系，故排除B项；不定式作状语一般表示目的，故排除D项；C项相当于：Dina had_struggled_for_monthsto find a job as a waitress.而A项相当于：Dinawas_struggling_for_months to find a job as a waitress.根据句意可知，C项更符合要求，故为答案。答案：　C
2．(2010•北京卷)________atmy classmates’ faces，I read the same excitement in theireyes.
A．Looking B．Look C．To look D．Looked
解析：　句意为：看着同学们的面孔，我从他们的眼中读出了同样的兴奋。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。look 是谓语动词形式，故排除；tolook 通常表目的，在此不符合题意；look与I构成逻辑上的主动关系，D项被排除。答案：　A
3．(2010•海淀第二学期期末)________awritten permission，he had to write another letter to the president of the university.
A．Not giving B．Not having been given C．Having not given D．Having notbeen given
解析：　考查非谓语动词。此处是非谓语动词作状语。逻辑主语是句子的主语，非谓语动词与逻辑主语是被动关系，且其动作在谓语动词动作之前已经发生，故用过去分词或现在分词的完成被动式，选B。答案：　B
1．现在分词(短语)作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，表示该动作的主动和进行。There are two roads before us，one leading to the beach，the other to the park.
在我们面前有两条路，一条通向沙滩，另一条通向公园。
2．过去分词(短语)作定语与它所修饰的名词在逻辑上有被动关系，表示该动作的被动或完成。
(2009•北京卷)For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit grown on hisown farm.
早饭他只喝自己农场种植的新鲜水果榨出来的果汁。
3．动词不定式作定语多表示将来动作。
(2009•山东卷)We are invited to a party to be held in our club next Friday.
我们被邀请参加下周五在我们俱乐部举行的聚会。
1.(2010•海南五校联考)I’m afraid we’ll have to work extra hours，for there are still someproblems________.
A．remaining to settle B．remaining tobe settled
C．remained to talk about D．to remain todiscuss
解析：　考查非谓语动词。此处是分词短语作后置定语，remain与problems 之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词形式；问题是亟待被解决，故应用to besettled。综上所述可知答案为B。
2．(2010•重庆卷)Manybuildings in the city need repairing，but the one________first is the library.
A．repaired B．being repaired C．repairing D．to be repaired
解析：　句意为：本市有许多建筑需要维修，但首先该维修的是图书馆。考查非谓语动词作定语。the one(building)与repair之间为被动关系，故排除C项；A项表已经完成；B项表正在进行；D项表将来。根据题意，正确答案为D项。
3．(2010•北京卷)I’m calling to enquire about theposition________in yesterday’s China Daily.
A．advertised B．to beadvertised C．advertising D．havingadvertised
解析：　句意为：我打电话来是想询问一下有关昨天在《中国日报》上刊登的招聘职位的情况。本题考查非谓语动词作后置定语。空格处部分作position 的定语，与position 在逻辑上是被动关系，根据句意“职位已在昨天的报纸上被刊登”，表示被动及完成，故A项符合题意。
1．过去分词作宾语补足语：过去分词作宾语补足语时，句中的宾语往往就是其逻辑主语，该动词与宾语之间存在动宾关系。
I’ll have my house painted tomorrow.
明天我会让人把我的房子粉刷一下。(被动)
When I opened the door，I found the ground covered byfallen leaves.
当我打开门时，我发现地面被落叶所覆盖。
2．现在分词作宾语补足语：现在分词作宾语补足语时，句中的宾语往往就是其逻辑主语，该动词与宾语之间存在主谓关系。现在分词作宾语补足语强调正在进行的主动动作，即动作过程的一个部分。可以带有这种复合宾语的动词有see，watch，hear，observe，feel，find，have，keep等。
(2009•全国卷Ⅱ)They use computers to keep the traffic running smoothly.他们使用电脑使交通畅通无阻。
1.(2010•湖南卷)Listen！Do you hear someone________for help?
A．callingB．call C．to callD．called
解析：　句意为：听！你听到有人正在求救吗？本题考查非谓语动词作宾补。设空处与宾语之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故排除D项；不定式作感官动词或使役动词的宾补要省去to且不表示动作正在进行，故排除C项；因为表示动作正在进行，故排除B项；现在分词calling 表主动且表正在进行，故为答案。
2．(2010•辽宁卷)Alexandertried to get his work________in the medical circles.
A．to recognize B．recognizing C．recognize D．recognized
解析：　句意为：Alexander试图使自己的工作在医学界得到认可。本题考查非谓语动词作宾补。get sth.done 表示使某事物被做，如get my hair cut 表示理发；get her finger burnt 表示她的手指被烧伤。
3．(2011•哈尔滨检测)It’s wonderful to hike with Dad and Ihave felt________with him.
A．to protected B．protected C．protecting D．to beprotected
解析：　本题考查非谓语动词。根据语境知felt 与protect 之间是被动关系，排除选项A和C；和父亲一起的徒步旅行已经结束，排除选项D。
have，get 后接三种形式作宾补时，其中have，get表示“使、让、叫”之意。
1．have sth.done＝get sth.done 使/让某事由别人去做(叫/让某人做某事)
I’ll have/get my bike repaired tomorrow.
我明天得(请人)修一下我的自行车。
Mr Smith had his house broken into while hewas away on holiday.
史密斯先生在度假期间，他家的房子被别人破门而入。
注意：　havesb.doing 若用于否定句中，其中have有“容忍”之意。
I won’t have you speaking to your dad likethat.
我不允许你和你父亲那样讲话。
1.(2010•青岛二模)—Hurry up，Mary! It’s time to go.
—I’mgetting________.Have a little patience.
A．dress B．dressing C．to dress D．dressed
解析：　考查非谓语动词。getdressed是一个固定的词组，表示“穿衣服”。语意：——Mary，快点，我们该走了。——稍等下，我正在穿衣服呢。
2．(2010•山东卷)I have alot of readings________before the end of this term.
A．completingB．to complete C．completed D．beingcompleted
解析：　句意为：本学期结束前我有许多阅读要完成。考查非谓语动词作定语。have sth.to do有某事要做，to do的逻辑主语需和主句主语一致；当不定式的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致时，可用have sth.to be done结构。
3．(2009•重庆卷)With theworld changing fast，we have something new ________ with all by ourselves every day.
A．deal B．dealt C．to deal D．dealing
解析：　本题考查不定式作定语。句意为：随着世界的快速变化，我们每天都有新的问题要独自处理。have something to deal，动词deal 逻辑上的主语是we，也就是句子的主语。
4．(2010•东城练习二)Everyyear，Tom remembersto have some flowers________to her mother on her birthday.
A．send B．sent C．sending D．being sent
解析：　本题考查非谓语动词。havesomething done表示某事被做。答案：　B
1．(2010•四川卷)In manypeople’s opinion，that company，though relatively small，is pleasant ________.
A．to deal with B．dealing with C．to be dealt with D．dealt with
解析：　句意为：许多人认为那家公司虽然相对比较小，但与之相处令人愉快。本题考查非谓语动词作主语补语。“主语＋be＋性质形容词＋动词不定式”结构中，主语和不定式构成逻辑上的动宾关系，不定式需用及物动词形式，如：The work is very difficult to do.(do the work)This house is verycomfortable to live in.(live in the house)本题中主语和不定式可构成的动宾关系为：deal with the company，所以A项正确。答案：　A
2．(2010•上海卷)I hadgreat difficulty________the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.
A．find B．found C．to find D．finding
解析：　句意为：在那个餐馆，我很难从菜单上找到合适的食物。have difficulty/trouble/problems(in)doing(做……有困难)是固定搭配，所以选D项。答案：　D
3．(2010•上海卷)Lucy hasa great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues________with herstories.
A．amused B．amusing C．to amuse D．to be amused
解析：　句意为：Lucy很有幽默感，总是讲故事让她的同事消遣。考查非谓语动词作宾补。首先排除C、D，因为keep 后不用不定式作宾补。amused觉得好笑的；amusing 逗人笑的，令人觉得好笑的。 答案：　A
4．(2010•浙江卷)Thetraffic rule says young children under the age of four and________less than 40pounds must be in a child safety seat.
A．being weighed B．to weigh C．weighed D．weighing
解析：　句意为：交通规则规定：四岁以下，体重不到40磅的小孩必须坐在安全的座位上。考查非谓语动词作后置定语。分析句子结构可知，空格处的内容和under the age of four 并列作young children 的后置定语，weigh“重量为……”此处为不及物动词，没有被动形式，故排除A和C两项；动词不定式作后置定语也需要用及物动词，B项也被排除。答案：　D

Answer 2

初中非谓语动词句型归纳

一.动词不定式
1.主语+decide(hope,agree,choose,fail,wish,learn等）+to do sth.例如：
I hope to go to school next week.

She agree to get someone to help her.

2.主语+ask(tell,get,wish,like,want,teach,know等）+宾语+to do sth.例如：
He asked me to come here early.

She told us not to worry about her.

3.主语+be+happy(glad,pleased,angry,sorry,careful,ready,nice,lucky,等）+to do sth.例如：
I'm glad to see you again.

I'm sorry to hear that.

4.主语+think(make,fine,feel等）+it +形容词（名词）+to do sth.例如：
I found it very important to learn English well.

I think it possible to finish the work this week.

5....too+形容词（副词）+（for sb.)+to do sth.
...+形容词（副词）enough+to do sth. 例如：
The boy is too young to go to school.=
The boy is not old enough to go to school.=
The boy is so young that he can't go to school.

6.It's+careful(clever,kind,good,right,wrong等）+of sb.+to do sth.

It's +difficult(easy,hard ,important,interesting等）+for sb.+to do sth.例如：
It's kind of you to help me.
It's hard for you to learn English well.
注意：这两个句型的区别是，当somebody与形容词有逻辑上的主谓关系时用of;当somebody与形容词没有这种关系时用for。

7.It takes sb.some time+to do sth.这个结构中，It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式结构。例如：
It took me about three hours to finish my homework yesterday.

注意：表示“花费”的类似句型还有
Sb.spends some time(money) on sth.or(in)doing sth.(某人做什么用了多少时间/某人买什么花了多少钱）；
Sth.costs sb.some money.(买什么花了某人多少钱）；
Sb.pays some money for sth.(某人买什么花了多少钱）
如：I spent an hours on(in doing) my homework.
The pen cost me two yuan.
I paid two yuan for the pen.

8.疑问词+to do sth.例如：
I don't know when to hold the party.

How to do it is still a question.

9.Why+(not)do sth.…,Would (Will)you please (not)do sth.和 had better (not) do sth.例如：Why not go there by bike?
Would you please take me to the park this Sunday?

You'd better not go there by youself.

10.主语+feel(listen to/hear,let/make/have,see/watch/notice/look at/help)+宾语+do sth.例如：He made us work for a long time yesterday.
Who had you be so careless?

注意：hear,see等感觉动词常接doing sth.表示动作发生过程或强调和谓语动作同时发生。如：He saw Tom sitting on some eggs when he went into the room.
I heard her singing a song when I passed her room.

11.主语+like/love/hate/begin/start等+to do sth.(doing sth.) 例如：
Tom likes to ask(asking)some strange questions.

We begin to work(working)at seven every day.

12.主语+remember/forget to do sth.记住（忘记）要做某事（动作还没发生）
主语+remember/forget doing sth.记住（忘记）曾做过某事（动作已发生）
主语+stop to do sth.停下来（正做的事）去做另一件事
主语+stop doing sth.停下正做的事
主语+try to do sth.设法（试图）去做某事
主语+try doing sth.试着做某事 例如：
Don't forget to close the door when you leave.
I forgot taking whose book .

初中英语：非谓语动词
非谓语动词指的是在句中起名词，形容词或副词作用的动词形式，而不是作谓语的动词形式。 动词的非谓语形式分为动名词，分词，动词不定式。
Climbing mountain is a good exercise. (Climbing..., 动名词起名词作用)
爬山是一项好运动。
Do you know the man wearing a white shirt. （wearing ... 分词起形容词作用）
你认识那个穿白衬衣的人吗？

He gets up early to catch the first bus. (to catch .... 不定式起副词作用)
他早早起床是为了赶上第一班汽车。

1．谓语动词和非谓语动词的区别：

1) 谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语，而非谓语动词不能单独作谓语。
Miss Mary teaches us English.
玛丽教我们英语。（teaches 动词作谓语）

Mr.Victor came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week.
维克托先生上周来到了我们教室和我们谈话。 （to have a talk.... 不定式作状语）

2) 谓语动词受主语的人称和数的限制，而非谓语动词形式没有这种限制。
Larke likes the pop music.
拉克喜欢流行音乐。 （动词用单数第三人称形式）
Larke has nothing to do today.
拉克今天没什么事要做。（do 用原形）

非谓语动词的特征：
1 如果非谓语动词是及物动词，后面须跟宾语。
Studying English is my favorite.
学习英语是我的爱好。（studying 后跟宾语）
To help him is my duty.帮助他是我的责任。（help 后跟宾语）

2 非谓语动词可以带有自己的状语或逻辑主语。

Working under such a condition is terrible.在这样的环境下工作太可怕了。(under
such a condition 是working 的状语)
It's too difficult for him to master English in such a short time.
他在这么短的时间内掌握英语太难了。（for him 作不定式的逻辑主语）

3 非谓语动词仍有语态和时态的变化。
I am sorry to have kept you waiting long.
对不起让你久等了。（to havekept...是不定式的完成形式）
Seen from the mountain, the city looks much more beautiful.
从山上看，这座城市美丽多了。（Seen from...是分词的被动形式）
4 非谓语动词在句中可以当成名词或者形容词来使用。

Our coming made him happy.我们的到来使他很高兴。（coming 起名词作用）
There are two big swimming pools here.这儿有两个大型游泳池。(swimming 起形容词作用)

3.动 词 不 定 式：
3.1 动词不定式在句子中的作用
动词不定式是由 to + 动词原形构成，在句中起名词，形容词和副词的作用，可以担任除谓语以外的其它任何成分。
3.1.1 动词不定式作主语：
To mast a language is not an easy thing.掌握一门语言不是一件容易的事情。
To teach English is my favorite.
教英语是我的爱好。

It's my pleasure to help you.很乐意帮助你。

动词不定式作主语时可以放在后面，而用it 作形式主语放在原主语的位置上。
It's very kind of you to have given us much help.
你给了我们那么多的帮助真是太好了。

It's necessary to find the witness.有必要找到目击者。

3.1.2 动词不定式作宾语：
某些及物动词可以用动词不定式作宾语，这些动词有decide,

begin, help, begin, want, wish, like, forget, learn, ask.
What I wish is to learn English well.我所希望的是把英语学好。
I like to help others if I can.如果有可能的话，我喜欢帮助别人。

3.1.3 动词不定式作宾语补语 。
We expect you to be with us.我们希望你和我们在一起。
Please ask him to come here quickly.请叫他快过来。

3.1.4 动词不定式作表语 ：

What I should do is to finish the task soon.我应该做的是赶快完成任务。
The most urgent thing is to find the boy immediately.当务之急是马上去找孩子。

3.1.5 动词不定式作定语：

There are many ways to solve the problem.有许多方法能解决这个问题。
I have something important to tell you.我有重要的事情要告诉你。

3.1.6 不定式作状语：
We went to the hospital to see our teacher.我们去医院看了我们的老师。
She is making a test to get a kind of useful　medicine from a Tibet flower.她在做试验，从一种西藏花中提取某种有用的药物。

3.2动词不定式的否定形式：
not + to +动词原形
The teacher told us not to swim in that river.老师告诉我们不要在那条河里游泳。
It's unfair not to tell us.没告诉我们真是不公平。

3.3带疑问词的不定式：

疑问词who,what,which,when, where, how, why 可以加在不定式的前面，构成不定式短语，使含义更加具体。
Where to go is not known yet.去什么地方还不知道。
I don't know when to begin.我不知道什么时间开始。
Can you tell me where to get the battery.你能告诉我哪儿能买到电池吗？
Do you know how to get to the station.你知道怎样去车站吗？

3.4带逻辑主语的不定式：
动词不定式可以带有自己的逻辑主语，构成方法是：for + 逻辑主语+ 不定式。
注意：逻辑主语用宾格形式， for 本身无实际意义，它只表明后面的主语从逻辑上分析是不定式的主语。

It's necessary for us to help each other.我们互相帮忙是必要的。
There are much work for me to finish,有许多工作要我去完成。

3.5动词不定式的时态：
动词不定式一般时：表示动作和句中谓语动词的动作同时发生或之后发生。

I helped him put the things into the car.我帮助他把东西放进了汽车。
I want to see you again.我想再见到你。
Would you like to have a rest.你愿意休息一下吗？

动词不定式完成时： 表示动作在句中谓语动词的动作之前发生。

We are sorry to have kept you waiting so long.对不起，我们让你久等了。
They seems to have known the answers.他们好像知道了答案。

动词不定式进行时：表示动作同句中谓语动词的动作同时发生，强调动作正在进行。

They seem to be working hard.他们好像在努力工作。

3.6动词不定式的被动形式：
表示不定式动词同所修饰的名词是被动关系 。

He is the man to be examined.他是受检查的人。
There are much work to be done.有好多工作要做。

动名词的几个特殊情况：

1) 有些动词的后面能跟动名词做宾语，有些动词能跟不定式，有些两者都可以， 它们的具体含义有时还不一样。
能跟动名词的动词有：

avoid,　consider,delay, deny, dislike, endure, enjoy, escape, forgive, finish, imagine, keep,
mind, miss, pardon, prevent, resist, suggest, understand, can't help, 等。

能跟不定式的动词有：
decide,desire, expect, hope, mean, pretend, promise, refuse, undertake, want, wish,
agree, manage,

能跟动名词和不定式的动词有：
love,like, hate, prefer, dislike, begin, continue, intend, attempt, propose, want,
need, remember, forget, regret, try, deserve, start,

动词后面跟动名词还是不定式，含义不相同，总的来说，表示习惯的， 一般性的动作多跟动名词，一次性的具体的被动动作多跟不定式。
I like to go with you.我想和你一块儿去。
I like reading.我喜欢阅读。
He promised to help her.他答应过要帮助她。
We love watching VCD.我们喜欢看VCD。

2)remember, forget, regret后面跟动名词时，动名词表示过去的动作， 后面跟不定式时，不定式表示将来的动作。
I remember meeting him in the street.我记得在街上见过他。
I remember to write a letter to my parents.我想起来要给我父母亲写信。

3)"stop + 动名词"表示停止动名词所表示的动作，
"stop + 不定式"表示停下来　 做不定式所表示的动作。
Stop smoking, please.请不要抽烟 。
Let's stop to have a rest.咱们停下来休息一下吧。

【经典习题与讲解】
1. The first textbooks _______ for teaching
English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
A.having written B. to be written
C.being written D. written
2.—You were brave enough to raise objection at the meeting.
—Well, now I regret _______ that.
A. to do B. to be doing
C. to have done D. having done
3.We agreed _______ here but so far she hasn’t turned up yet.

A.having met B.meeting
C. to meet D.to have met
4.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him

_______.
A.not to B. not to do
C. not do it D. do not do
5.Paul doesn’t have to be made _______. He always works hard.
A.learn B. to learn
C. learned D. learning
6._______ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.
A.Losing B. Having lost
C.Lost D. To lost

7.The patient was warned _______ oily food after the operation.
A.to eat not B. eating not
C. not to eat D. not eating
8.The Olympic Games, _______ in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912.
A.first playing B. to be first played
C.first played D. to be first playing

9.I would love _______ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.
A.to go B. to have gone
C.going D. having gone
10.European football is played in 80 countries, _______ it the most popular sport in the world.
A.making B.makes
C.made D. to make

1.D表示“被动、完成”用过去分词作定语。
2.Dregret doing sth 表示对已经发生的事感到“后悔”；regret to say / tell / inform / announce 用以报告令人不快之事，表示对将要说的话感到“遗憾、抱歉”，主语通常是 I / we,regret 用一般现在时。
3.Cagree 只能接不定式，在谓语动之后发生，用一般式，选C。
4.A根据句型 tell sb (not) to do sth，排除C 和 D；当不定式的动词是前面已出现过的相同的动词时，为避免重复，通常省略 to 后的内容，只保留 to, 所以只有 A 对。
5. B make sb do sth 的被动式为 sb be made to do sth(某人被迫做某事)。
6.C考查过去分词作状语。Lost in thought=As he was lost in thought。be lost in thought(沉思)是固定搭配；这类习惯表达还有 be caught in the rain(遭雨淋),be dressed in red(穿着红衣),
be seated(就座)等。
7.C本句是 warn sb (not) to do sth 的被动式。
8.C因 The Olympic games 与 play 是被动关系，排除A 和 D；不定式的被动式，表示未来的动作，排除B。表示“被动、完成”，用过去分词。
9.Bwould love/ like 后面只能接不定式，排除C 和 D。表示过去未曾实现的愿望，后接不定式完成式，故选B。
10.A现在分词作结果状语。
限于字数，还有些习题未能列出，如有需要，请提出。望采纳~