宾语从句是什么
4个回答
2017-05-08 · 知道合伙人教育行家
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一、概念
宾语从句的宾语部分中有一个从句充当宾语.
二、可接宾语从句的动词
say 、tell 、think、 know、 see、 hear、 hope、 guess、 find、 feel 等,或由形容词构成的系表结构,如:afraid、 sure、 glad、 sorry等
三、宾语从句的标点符号.
宾语从句的标点符号取决于主句,如果主句是陈述句,句尾用句号;如果主句是疑问句,句尾用问号.
四、引导词.
1、that (从句是陈述句时,引导词用that ,它本身无词义,不充当成分,在口语中可省略,但在正式场合不可省.)
2、if或whether (从句是一般疑问句时用if 或whether ,含义是“是否”.)
if、whether 一般情况下可以互换,但在构成whether…or not 句式只用whether
3、连接代词、连接副词(从句是特殊疑问句时用)
连接代词(what、 which、 who、 whose )
连接副词(when、 where、 how 、why )
五、宾语从句的同义句转换.
在宾语从句中经常会出现“疑问词+动词不定式”的结构,它可与“疑问词+主语+情态动词+动词原形”进行同义句转换.
Can you tell me how I can get to the station?
Can you tell me how to get to the station?
六、宾语从句的语序.
宾语从句的语序都用陈述句语序(即正常的主谓语序)
He says that Jim will miss a lot of lessons .
He asked whether we should hold a sports meeting .
Do you know what the population of Dalian is
七、宾语从句的时态.
1、主句是一般现在时,从句可根据需要选用任何时态.
He says that he is good at English
He says that he has been ill for two days
I don’t know if he will come tomorrow
2、主句是一般过去时,从句可根据需要用相应的过去某种时态.(即一般过去时、过去将来时、过去完成时等)
He asked me where I lived
He said that she had been ill for two days
She said that she would return soon
3、当从句讲述的是客观事实或真理时,从句时态不受主句的影响,都用一般现在时.
The teacher said “light travels faster than sound”
He said that the earth is round
特例:Could you tell me …委婉的语气,常按照一般现在时处理.
Could you tell me where the nearest hospital is
八、语从句的从句中不再有助动词.即一般现在时的助动词do ,does ,一般过去时的助动词did.
Do you like speaking English He wants to know .(改为宾语从句)
He wants to know if you like speaking English
九、如果简单句变成了宾语从句,那么其谓语动词要相应的变化.常见的一般过去时的动词应用过去式;一般现在时的如果主语是第三人称单数的,动词要用单三形式,如果主语不是第三人称单数,动词都用原形;其他时态变成相应的时态的结构即可.
十、宾语从句变否定句.
如果主句的主语是第一人称I或we 时,并且谓语动词多为think、guess、believe等表示心理活动的词时,变否定句要否定转移,即否定主句.否则,变否定句看从句.
I think chicken can swim (变否定句)
I don’t think chicken can swim
He said that he would go shopping(变否定句) ……
He said that he would not go shopping
十一、宾语从句变反意疑问句
如果宾语从句的主句是第一人称I或we时,变反意疑问句时看从句.如果主句不是第一人称时则看主句.
I think he is a good student ,isn’t he
They want to know if he is a good student ,don’t they
宾语从句的宾语部分中有一个从句充当宾语.
二、可接宾语从句的动词
say 、tell 、think、 know、 see、 hear、 hope、 guess、 find、 feel 等,或由形容词构成的系表结构,如:afraid、 sure、 glad、 sorry等
三、宾语从句的标点符号.
宾语从句的标点符号取决于主句,如果主句是陈述句,句尾用句号;如果主句是疑问句,句尾用问号.
四、引导词.
1、that (从句是陈述句时,引导词用that ,它本身无词义,不充当成分,在口语中可省略,但在正式场合不可省.)
2、if或whether (从句是一般疑问句时用if 或whether ,含义是“是否”.)
if、whether 一般情况下可以互换,但在构成whether…or not 句式只用whether
3、连接代词、连接副词(从句是特殊疑问句时用)
连接代词(what、 which、 who、 whose )
连接副词(when、 where、 how 、why )
五、宾语从句的同义句转换.
在宾语从句中经常会出现“疑问词+动词不定式”的结构,它可与“疑问词+主语+情态动词+动词原形”进行同义句转换.
Can you tell me how I can get to the station?
Can you tell me how to get to the station?
六、宾语从句的语序.
宾语从句的语序都用陈述句语序(即正常的主谓语序)
He says that Jim will miss a lot of lessons .
He asked whether we should hold a sports meeting .
Do you know what the population of Dalian is
七、宾语从句的时态.
1、主句是一般现在时,从句可根据需要选用任何时态.
He says that he is good at English
He says that he has been ill for two days
I don’t know if he will come tomorrow
2、主句是一般过去时,从句可根据需要用相应的过去某种时态.(即一般过去时、过去将来时、过去完成时等)
He asked me where I lived
He said that she had been ill for two days
She said that she would return soon
3、当从句讲述的是客观事实或真理时,从句时态不受主句的影响,都用一般现在时.
The teacher said “light travels faster than sound”
He said that the earth is round
特例:Could you tell me …委婉的语气,常按照一般现在时处理.
Could you tell me where the nearest hospital is
八、语从句的从句中不再有助动词.即一般现在时的助动词do ,does ,一般过去时的助动词did.
Do you like speaking English He wants to know .(改为宾语从句)
He wants to know if you like speaking English
九、如果简单句变成了宾语从句,那么其谓语动词要相应的变化.常见的一般过去时的动词应用过去式;一般现在时的如果主语是第三人称单数的,动词要用单三形式,如果主语不是第三人称单数,动词都用原形;其他时态变成相应的时态的结构即可.
十、宾语从句变否定句.
如果主句的主语是第一人称I或we 时,并且谓语动词多为think、guess、believe等表示心理活动的词时,变否定句要否定转移,即否定主句.否则,变否定句看从句.
I think chicken can swim (变否定句)
I don’t think chicken can swim
He said that he would go shopping(变否定句) ……
He said that he would not go shopping
十一、宾语从句变反意疑问句
如果宾语从句的主句是第一人称I或we时,变反意疑问句时看从句.如果主句不是第一人称时则看主句.
I think he is a good student ,isn’t he
They want to know if he is a good student ,don’t they
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宾语从句(一)
宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。宾语从句常由that引导,在口语中常省略。
当主句中谓语动词是现在或将来时态时,从句中谓语动词不受主句中谓语动词时态的
影响,按需要可以使用任何时态。如:
She
says
(that)
she
works
from
Monday
to
Friday.
她说她从周一至周五上班。(从句是一般现在时)
She
says
(that)
she
will
leave
a
message
on
his
desk.
她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。(从句是一般将来时)
She
says
(that)
she
has
never
been
to
Mount
Emei.
她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。(从句是现在完成时)
当主句谓语是过去时态,从句中的时态一般用表示过去的某种时态。如:
He
said
there
were
no
classes
yesterday
afternoon.
他说昨天下午没有课。(从句是一般过去时)
He
said
(that)
he
was
going
to
take
care
of
the
baby.
他说他会去照看这个婴儿。(从句是过去将来时)
He
said
(that)
they
were
having
a
meeting
at
that
time.
他说他们那时正在开会。(从句是过去进行时)
*当主句谓语是过去时态,而宾语从句叙述某一客观真理(事实)时,
宾语从句的时态则用一般现在时。如:
The
teacher
told
us(that)
nothing
is
difficult
if
you
put
your
heart
into
it.
老师告诉我们世上无难事只怕有心人。
She
said
(that)
her
father
is
twenty-eight
years
older
than
her.
她说她父亲比她大二十八岁。
He
said
that
light
travels
much
faster
than
sound.
他说光传播比声音传播快得多。
宾语从句(二)
由连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。
引出名词性从句的连词whether和if,在引出宾语从句时,用法和意义相同。但是只能引出宾语从句和不在句首的主语从句,而whether除了引出宾语从句外,还可引出主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。例如:
We
don't
know
whether
(if)
it
is
right.
我们不知道它是否正确。
The
question
is
whether
she
should
do
that.
问题在于她是否应该做那件事。
Whether
it
is
true
remains
a
question.
是真是假还是个问题。
试比较:
当if从句处在主句之后作“是否”讲时,引出的是宾语从句。例如:
I
don't
know
if
it
is
true.
我不知道这事是否真实。
当if从句在主句之前作“如果”讲,则引出状语从句。例如:
I
shall
go
there
if
I
have
time.
如果我有时间,我将到那儿去。
简单的说吧.
它是放在动词后面而且有引导词引导的(that可以省略)一个的句子。
宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。宾语从句常由that引导,在口语中常省略。
当主句中谓语动词是现在或将来时态时,从句中谓语动词不受主句中谓语动词时态的
影响,按需要可以使用任何时态。如:
She
says
(that)
she
works
from
Monday
to
Friday.
她说她从周一至周五上班。(从句是一般现在时)
She
says
(that)
she
will
leave
a
message
on
his
desk.
她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。(从句是一般将来时)
She
says
(that)
she
has
never
been
to
Mount
Emei.
她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。(从句是现在完成时)
当主句谓语是过去时态,从句中的时态一般用表示过去的某种时态。如:
He
said
there
were
no
classes
yesterday
afternoon.
他说昨天下午没有课。(从句是一般过去时)
He
said
(that)
he
was
going
to
take
care
of
the
baby.
他说他会去照看这个婴儿。(从句是过去将来时)
He
said
(that)
they
were
having
a
meeting
at
that
time.
他说他们那时正在开会。(从句是过去进行时)
*当主句谓语是过去时态,而宾语从句叙述某一客观真理(事实)时,
宾语从句的时态则用一般现在时。如:
The
teacher
told
us(that)
nothing
is
difficult
if
you
put
your
heart
into
it.
老师告诉我们世上无难事只怕有心人。
She
said
(that)
her
father
is
twenty-eight
years
older
than
her.
她说她父亲比她大二十八岁。
He
said
that
light
travels
much
faster
than
sound.
他说光传播比声音传播快得多。
宾语从句(二)
由连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。
引出名词性从句的连词whether和if,在引出宾语从句时,用法和意义相同。但是只能引出宾语从句和不在句首的主语从句,而whether除了引出宾语从句外,还可引出主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。例如:
We
don't
know
whether
(if)
it
is
right.
我们不知道它是否正确。
The
question
is
whether
she
should
do
that.
问题在于她是否应该做那件事。
Whether
it
is
true
remains
a
question.
是真是假还是个问题。
试比较:
当if从句处在主句之后作“是否”讲时,引出的是宾语从句。例如:
I
don't
know
if
it
is
true.
我不知道这事是否真实。
当if从句在主句之前作“如果”讲,则引出状语从句。例如:
I
shall
go
there
if
I
have
time.
如果我有时间,我将到那儿去。
简单的说吧.
它是放在动词后面而且有引导词引导的(that可以省略)一个的句子。
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宾语从句定义、示例、用法最生动解释
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宾语从句
宾语从句是名词性从句的一种。在主从复合句中充当宾语,位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。谓语动词、介词、动词不定式,v.-ing形式后面都能带宾语从句。有些形容词(afraid,sure,glad等)之后也可以带宾语从句。
宾语从句是名词性从句的一种。在主从复合句中充当宾语,位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
置于动词、介词等词性后面起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序。谓语动词、介词、动词不定式,v.-ing形式后面都能带宾语从句。有些形容词(afraid,sure,glad等)之后也可以带宾语从句。
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