Question

各举一个例子来说明名词性从句,状语从句和定语从句的区别？

Answer 1

名词性从句是在句子中起名词作用的句子。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
1、主语从句What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。It's a great pity that they didn't get married. 他们没能结婚，真是令人惋惜。
2、宾语从句He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. 他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。I insist that she (should) do her work alone. 我坚持要她自己工作。
3、表语从句The fact is that we have lost the game. 事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。It looks as if it is going to rain. 看上去天要下雨了。
4、同位语从句The news that we won the game is exciting.　我们赢得这场比赛的消息令人激动。I have no idea when he will come back home. 我不知道他什么时候回来。
状语从句，是指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。状语从句中的从句可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。
状语从句 根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。
1. 时间状语从句
When I see you,I`m glad.
2．地点状语从句
Wherever you go, you should work hard.
3． 原因状语从句
My friends dislike me because I’m handsome and successful.
4． 目的状语从句
The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.
5． 结果状语从句
He got up so early that he caught the first bus.
6． 条件状语从句
We’ll start our project if the president agrees
7． 让步状语从句
No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind。
8． 比较状语从句
She is as bad-tempered as her mother.
9． 方式状语从句
She behaved as if she were the boss.
定语从句（也称关系从句、形容词性从句），一个句子跟在一个名词或代词（先行词）后进行修饰限定（对词句进行补充、修饰、限定，进而使原句内容更完整），就叫做定语从句。按语法句式，定语从句在整个句子充当定语的成分 。 被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况，它通常只能放在被修饰的词（即先行词）之后。定语从句由关系词（关系代词、关系副词）引导，关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句首。
例如：（1）When he came to see me,I was reading a newspaper.此句就是一个由when引导的就是一个时间状语从句。
（2）This is the time that I waited so long.此句就是一个定语从句，the time是先行词，而that做的是关系代词。