2017年中考英语常考知识点

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  中考的重要性不言而喻。要想在中考中决胜,在复习过程中抓住核心考点是关键要素之一。下面我给你分享2017年中考英语常考知识点,欢迎阅读。

  2017年中考英语常考词性变换规则知识点

  一、可数名词单数变复数类

  1.规则变化:

  (1)一般情况加-s, 如: girls, books, pens, bags, boys, days等。

  (2)以s, x, ch, sh结尾加-es, 如: buses, boxes, watches, brushes

  (3)以o结尾的名词,无生命的名词多加-s,有生命的名词多加-es。

  (4)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词, 变y为i加-es, 如: city→ cities, story→stories

  (5)以f或fe结尾的名词变f或fe为v加-es。如: leaf→leaves, knife→knives, shelf→shelves,wife→ wives等。

  2.不规则变化的名词要熟记:

  man→men, woman→women, child→children,

  foot→feet,tooth→teeth, mouse→mice, people→people,

  sheep→ sheep, Chinese→Chinese,Japanese→Japanese,deer→deer

  二、动词/名词变形容词类

  1.在动词后加后缀-ful

  如:care→careful ,use→useful;

  thank→thankful,help→helpful;

  wonder→wonderful,forget→forgetful

  2.在名词后加-y

  如:luck→lucky, cloud→cloudy;

  wind→windy, rain→rainy;

  sun→sunny, snow→snowy

  noise-noisy,health→healthy

  3.在名词后加-ly

  如:friend→friendly,love→lovely,day→daily

  4.方位名词加-ern

  如:east→eastern,west→western

  south→southern,north→northern

  三、形容词加后缀变成名词

  1.形容词加-ty变成名词

  如:safe→safety,difficult→difficulty

  2.形容词加-th变成名词

  如:true→truth,warm→warmth,young→youth

  四、形容词变副词类

  形容词修饰名词、代词等作定语或表语;副词修饰动词、形容词或副词作状语。

  1.一般形容词词尾加-ly变成副词,

  如:slow→slowly, clear→clearly

  quick→quickly, quiet→quietly

  careful→carefully, sudden→suddenly

  real→really, polite→politely

  safe→safely,wide→widely

  2.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,要变y为i加-ly

  如:easy→easily,happy→happily

  heavy→heavily, lucky→luckily

  busy→busily,angry→angrily;

  3.以元音字母+e结尾,去e加-ly

  如:true→truly

  4.以辅音字母加-le结尾,去e加-y

  如:terrible→terriblypossible→possibly

  5.形容词与副词同形

  如:fast→fast,early→early,high→high,hard→hard

  6.注意:hard作形容词时意思是“困难的;硬的;生硬的”等;作副词时意思是“努力地”。hardly是否定副词,意思是“几乎不”。

  五、动词变名词类

  1.动词加-er变成名词

  如:work→workerfarm→farmerteach→teacher

  sing→singerspeak→speakerplay→player

  read→readerdrive→driverwrite→writer

  ride→riderdance→dancer run→runner

  win→winner cook→cooker travel→traveler

  2.动词加-or 变成名词

  如:visit→visitor,invent→inventor,conduct→conductor,act→ actor

  六、基数词变序数词类:

  主要掌握好1---12和20、30、40、50、60、70、80、90及21、22、23这几个序数词的形式:

  one→first twenty→twentieth

  two→ second thirty →thirtieth

  three→third forty →fortieth

  four→ fourth fifty →fiftieth

  five → fifth sixty →sixtieth

  six→ sixth seventy →seventieth

  seven→ seventh eighty →eightieth

  eight→ eighth ninety →ninetieth

  nine→ninth

  ten→ tenth

  eleven→ eleventh

  twelve→twelfth

  twenty-one →twenty-first

  twenty-two →twenty-second

  twenty-three →twenty-third

  七、形容词与副词的原级、比较级和最高级类

  1.形容词和副词的比较级、最高级构成

  部分双音节词或以形容词加-ly变成的副词和多音节词,在其前加more, most 变成比较级和最高级。

  如:interesting → more interesting,→ most interesting

  beautiful → more beautiful,→ most beautiful

  slowly → more slowly,→ most slowly

  quickly → more quickly,→ most quickly

  不规则变化:

  good→better→best well→better→best

  many→more→most much→more→most

  little→less→least

  far→farther/further → farthest/furthest

  ill → worse → worst

  bad/badly → worse → worst

  old → older/elder → oldest/eldest

  2.原级: as+adj./adv.+ as … (肯定)

  “和 ……一样……”,

  not as / so+adj./adv.+as …(否定)

  “和 ……不一样……” “…… 不如……”

  八、常见的反义词:

  1.动词

  buy — selltake — bring

  remember — forget die — live

  love — hate rise — fall

  ask — answer start — finish

  miss — catch pull — push

  go — come end — borrow

  2.形容词

  little — much short — tall / long

  free — busy full — empty

  few — many good — bad

  white — blackcareful—careless

  dead — living cheap — expensive

  clean — dirty easy — difficult

  wet — dry same — different

  open — closed strong —weak

  light— heavy

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