新概念英语第2册课文详注Lesson55~57
新概念英语第2册课文详注Lesson55
1 .Dreams of finding lost treasure almost came true recently.最近，找到失踌宝旅的梦想差一点儿变成现实。
come true为固定短语，表示“(预言、期望等)成为事实”、“(愿望)实现”:
His dream to travel around the world at last came true.
他周游世界的梦想终于实现了。
2 .The pirates would often bury gold in the cave and then fail to collect it.海盗们过去常把金子埋截在那个洞里.但后来却没能取走。
(1)would在这里不表示过去将来时，而表示过去的习惯性动作，它后面跟动词原形(bury和fail)( cf‘本课语法)
(2)fail to do sth表示“未能”、“不能”或“忘记”做某事:
Don't fail to write to us.
别忘记给我们写信。
He failed to see the reason why they sent him away.
他不了解他们把他打发走的原因。
(3)collect的含义之一为“(去)取”、“接”:
I'll collect my post on my way home.
我将在回家时顺路取我的邮件。
Don't fail to collect me before you go to the party.
去参加晚会之前别忘了接我。
3. Armed with the new machine…用这种新机器装备起来...
arm(ed) with可以表示“带着”、“装着”、“穿着”等:
Don't worry.I'm armed with an umbrella.
别担心，我带着伞呢。
You'd better arm yourself with a warm coat.
你穿件暖和的外衣。
4. the entrance to the cave，洞口。
entrance可以表示“入口”、“大门”等;
I can't find the entrance to the park.
我找不到公园的入口。
Is this the entrance of the park/your school?
这是公园/你们学校的大门吗?
5.Very excited,the party dug a hole two feet deep.队员们异常激动，就地挖了一个两英尺深的坑。
(1)与armed with引导的短语相似，very excited也是过去分词(短语)作状语，表示主语所处的状态:
very worried about his child,he phoned the police.
他为他的孩子非常担心，(便)给警察局打了电话。
(2)deep在表示“有...深”时要位于数字之后:
We have a swimming pool six feet deep.
我们有一个深6英尺的游泳池。
6. ...‘The Revealer’ may reveal something of value fairly soon.
……“探宝器”很快就会探出值钱的东西来。
of 表示其所修饰的名词具有某种性质、状况:
The news is of great importance to us.
这消息对我们非常重要。
Tom is a boy of sixteen.
汤姆是个16岁的男孩。
新概念英语第2册课文详注Lesson56
1. once a year,每年一次。
once+表示时间的名词可以表示“每...一次”:
The postman calls once a day.
邮递员每天来一次。
2. A lot of cars entered for this race last year...去年有很多汽车参加了这项比赛...
enter for表示"报名参加"。(cf.第8课词汇学习)
3. Built in 1885,it was the oldest car taking part.该车造于1885年，是参赛车中.老的一辆。
built引导的过去分词短语起状语的作用，说明动作发生的背景或情况。主句可以补全为it was the oldest car taking part in the race.
4. Many of the cars broke down on the conrse…很多汽车在途中就抛了锚……
break down为固定短语，其含义之一是“(机械等)出故障”、“出毛病”:
This morning I was late for work,beceuse my car broke down twice.
今天上午我上班迟到了，因为我的车坏了两次。
5. The winning car reached a speed of forty miles an hour-much faster than any of its rivals.获胜的那辆车达到了时速40英里—远远超过任何对手。
(1) winning为现在分词作定语:
Those of the winning team jumped happily.
获胜队的队员们高兴地跳着。
(2)表示速度为多少时可用a speed of+数量词这个结构:
You must have been driving at a speed of seventy miles an hour.
你刚才一定是以每小时70英里的速度在开车。
(3)破折号后面的部分补充说明这个速度。much是用得较多的与比较级连用的修饰语:
House are much more expensive these days.
如今的房价贵多了。
6. It sped downhill at the end of the race and its driver had a lot of trouble trying to stop it.它在接近终点时。冲下了山坡，驾驶员费了好大劲才把车停下来。
(1)speed作不及物动词时可以表示“疾驶”、“急行”等含义:
The police car sped past us.
警车从我们身边疾驶而过。
The two men sped out of the room.
那两个人快步走出了房间。
(2)表示“在...的末尾/最后部分”时可以用at the end of这个短语:
I'll return the books to you at the end of the week/mouth.
我周/月末时把书还给你。
He spoke a few words at the end of the meeting.
会议结束时他说了几句话。
(3)表示“做某事遇到麻烦/困难”时可以用have trouble doing sth:
They had some trouble finding out the cause of the fire.
他们在查找起火原因时遇到了一些困难。
新概念英语第2册课文详注Lesson57
1.The assistant who served her did not like the way she was dressed.接待她的售货员不喜欢她的那副打扮。
the way在这里表示“方式”、“样式”，she was dressed为关系从句，修饰the way。dress表示“穿着”、“打扮”时常用被动语态：
Why is your aunt dressed in black?
你姑姑为什么穿黑色衣服?
2.…he told her that the dress was sold.……告诉她那件衣服已经卖出去了。
被动语态在这里含有动作已经完成的意忠，即表示目前的状态。
3.She returned to the shop the following morning dressed in a fur coat, with a handbag in one hand and a long umbrella in the other.第2天上午，她又来到这家商店，穿了一件裘皮大衣，一只手拎着一只手提包，另一只手拿着一把长柄伞。
dressed引导的过去分词短语作状语，表示伴随状态。它也可以变换位置，放在句首，其意义不变：Dressed in a fur coat, she returned…with带有两个宾语：handbag和unbrella。with引导的介词短语也作状语，表示伴随状态：
He walked in the park with a dog behind him.
他在公园里散步，身后跟了一条狗。
4.After seeking out the rude assistant, she asked for the same dress. 找到那个无礼的售货员后，她还要看昨天的那件衣服。
(1)现在分词结构代替时间状语从句后，保留了连词after。类似的情况如：
Since phoning you this morning, I've changed my plans.
自从今天早上给你打了电话以后，我已改变了计划。
While trying to open the bottle, I cut my hand.
在试图打开瓶子时，我划破了手。
(2)seek out为固定短语，表示“找出”、“搜寻出”：
He sought out the thief in the crowd.
他在人群中找出了那个小偷。
Seek him out quickly. I want to speak to him.
快把他找出来。我想和他谈一谈。
(3)ask for表示“要”、“要求”：
I asked for a cup of coffee, but you gave me a cup of tea.
我要的是一杯咖啡，但你却给了我一杯茶。
5.Not realizing who she was, the assistant was eager to serve her this time. 那个售货员没有认出她是谁，这一回接待她的态度非常殷勤。
(1)现在分词短语代替一个分句位于句首时，其否定形式是在它前面加上not, without或never等否定词。这些词有时可互换，有时则不可：
Not/Without/Never hesitating for a moment, he ran after the thief.
他没有一丝犹豫便追赶那小偷。
Not being able to open the door, I asked my neighbour for help.
由于开不了门，我便向邻居求援。
(2)像eager, glad, pleased, sorry等描述感觉的形容词作表语时后面往往跟不定式：
They are all eager to come.
他们都急于来。
I'm pleased to work with you.
我很高兴能与你一起工作。
6.With great difficulty, he climbed into the shop window to get the dress. 费了好大劲儿，他爬进橱窗去取那件衣服。
with在这里表示行为方式：
With care, she put the vase on the shelf.
她小心翼翼地把花瓶放在架子上。
He lifted the box with ease/difficulty.
他很轻松地/费劲地举起那箱子。
7.She enjoyed herself making the assistant bring almost everything in the window before finally buying the dress she had first asked for.她开心地迫使那位售货员把橱窗里几乎所有的东西都拿了出来，最后才买下了她最先要看的那一件。
(1)enjoy oneself doing sth.表示“从……中得到乐趣”：
He enjoyed himself making the dog run after beggars.
他让那条狗追逐乞丐，并从中取乐。
(2)make后面的动词不定式不加to(cf.本课词汇学习)
(3)代替时间状语从句的现在分词短语带有连词before。
