Question

论文摘要在线翻译

乐府诗是汉代随着乐府机构的扩充而兴起的一种新兴文体。最初的乐府诗便具有灵活多变的特点，体现了其顽强的生命力和活力。如《安世房中歌》中已不仅仅只有四言诗，还有三言句、四言句、七言句等所组成的杂言体诗；而同为汉初的文人乐府诗如《大风歌》、《戚夫人歌》等也不是四言体歌诗，《大风歌》深受楚词的影响，而《戚夫人歌》则颇具新变的意味，除了两个三言句外，余下四个五言句，说明早期的文人乐府诗便已经开始对前代的诗歌吸收并加以创新。
到了武帝时期，由于西域音乐的传入，民间俗乐以及汉大赋的影响，文人乐府诗向两个方向发展：一是趋于通俗，叙述比较简单，继承了汉乐府民歌叙事性的特点；二是受到传统儒家文化的影响，同时接收了汉大赋的铺成而写成的歌诗，这类作品由于大多是粉饰之词，因此可读性不强。
前一类作品诸如武帝的《李夫人歌》、《瓠子歌》，李延年的《北方有佳人》以及《饶歌十八曲》中的一部分文人作品等，都有感而发，或叙个人私事，或叙时事。因为受到西域音乐及乐府民歌的影响，因此可读性较强。
后一类作品主要是《郊祀歌》为代表。因为是根据需要而创作的，创作者大多是创作汉大赋的好手，同时由于文章的性质等方面的原因造成了这部分作品比较难解，可读性不高。
武帝以后的西汉文人创作由于受到政治因素的影响要小，而受到乐府民歌及西域音乐的影响要大很多，因此留下来的作品艺术价值比之前的要高一些。比如西汉末的《乌孙公主歌》、《昭君怨》、《怨歌行》，这三篇女性作品历来受到人们的赞赏。
东汉的文人之作不多，但是作品艺术价值明显比西汉高出很多。这主要是乐府民歌的普及，文人自觉性的增强，以及当时的社会环境所影响的结果。《董娇娆》、《羽林郎》、《五噫歌》等作品都有很强的现实性，与普通下层人们的生活切切相关，吸收了民歌批判性的特点，因此长久以来被奉为佳作。
两汉文人乐府诗之所以是珍贵的文学遗产，一是因为它反映广大人民的生活，是直接受民间文学的影响而产生的最早的文学作品；二是这些作品大多继承了《诗经》及乐府民歌的现实主义传统；三是这些作品最早得到民间文学的滋养，继承了乐府民歌之变革，在我们今天看不到同时期的乐府民歌的情况下，他们同样肩负起了文体变革的重任，并且确实进行了文体的变革，而文人在参与乐府诗的创作及变革中发挥了积极的作用。他们开创性精神是后世文人效仿的榜样，他们中间的许多优秀之作吸引了众多的后辈仿作与创新，他们的精神深的后世人们的景仰。
特别是一些专业的词汇，请不要直接用软件，或者在线翻译了复制过来
回答的好在加最少五十分
林格斯是什么

Answer 1

With Yue Han Dynasty Poem is the rise of the expansion of institutions of a new style. The original Dynasty Poem will feature a flexible, reflecting its strong vitality and vigor. If the World "Songs" has not only four words in the poem, there are three words sentences, four-word sentences, such sentences consisting of Seven Miscellaneous Character Poem; the same as the Han Dynasty Poem literati such as "wind Song "," Qi Furen Song "and other words not a body of four-song poem," Song of the wind "by Chu Ci, and" Qi Furen Song "is quite new changes mean that, in addition to two three-word sentences, the remaining Four Five-character sentence, that the early scholars have already begun Dynasty Poem poetry of the former generation of absorption and innovation.
To the Emperor Wu period, due to the introduction of Western Music, Folk Music, and the impact of Han Dynasty, literati Dynasty Poem in two directions: First, become popular, narrative is simple, Han Dynasty inherited the features of folk narrative ; Second, by the traditional Confucian culture, while receiving the Han Dynasty of paved and songs written poetry, such works are mostly cosmetic as words, so readable is not strong.
Works such as the Emperor's former group, "Mrs Lee Song", "gourd Song", Li-year "of northern beauty" and "Song of eighteen Rao," part of the literary works, etc., are the emotions or personal Syria personal, Syria current events. Because music and folk songs by the Western influence, so highly readable.
After the kind of work are the "Song of Jiao Si" as the representative. Because it is based on the need created, a creation of Han Dynasty are mostly the players, and because of the nature of the article and other reasons caused this part of the works are relatively obscure, readability is not high.
After the creation of the Western Han Dynasty scholars due to political factors should be small, but by the folk songs and Western music influence is much larger, so the value of works of art left to be higher than before. Such as the Western Han Dynasty at the end of the "Wusun Princess Song", "Zhao Jun", "resentment Ge Xing", which has always been works of three women appreciated.
For much of the Eastern Han literati, but the artistic value was much higher than the Western Han Dynasty. This is mainly the popularity of folk songs, literary consciousness enhancement, and the social environment affect the outcome. "Dong Jiao Rao", "Habayashi Lang" and "five Ay Song" and other works have a strong reality, and ordinary people's lives honestly related to the lower absorption of the critical characteristics of folk songs, it has long been regarded as a masterpiece .
The reason why the Han Dynasty Poem Scholars is a precious literary heritage, first, because it reflects the life of the people is directly affected by the influence of folk literature produced the earliest literary works; Second, most of these works "Book of Song" and Realistic traditional folk songs; third is the earliest of these works are nourished by folk literature, folk songs of the revolution succeeded, in the same time we do not see the situation of the folk songs, they also shoulder the responsibility of the stylistic changes, and indeed were stylistic changes, and scholars involved in the creation and transformation Dynasty Poem played an active role. Their pioneering spirit is a model for later scholars, among them many of the best of the younger generation as to attract a large number of imitation and innovation for their future generations to the spirit of deep respect and admiration

Answer 2

Poectry is with the expansion of the han dynasty yuefu institutions arisen a new style. Initial poectry has flexible characteristics, reflect their tenacious vitality and vigor. Such as "Ann the room song" is not only SiYanShi and three words sentences, SiYan sentences, sentence seven-character consisting of miscellaneous words such as body poems, And the same for the early han scholars poectry such as "wind song," "qi madam song etc also not SiYan body poems, songs in the wind by chu ci, while the effect of the qi song" is rather new Mrs Variable meaning, besides two three words sentence outside, the remaining four certain words that early literati poectry had already begun to former dynasties poetry to absorb and by innovating.
To emperor wudi period, the music, the introduction of western music and folk vulgar han da fu, the influence of literati poectry two directions development: one is tend to pop, narrative is simpler, inherited han yuefu folk songs of narrative characteristics, 2 it is under the influence of traditional Confucian culture, and received the paved and han da fu wrote poems, this kind of work due to mostly whitewash word, so readable not strong.
The former group works such as emperor wudi "Mrs. Li song," "HuZi song, the north has LiYanNian beautifuls woman" and "rao song music" part of the eighteenth literati works etc, all penned classic or personal affairs, or Syria descriptots current events. Due to the western music and the influence of yuefu folk songs, and therefore readability is stronger.
Those works are mainly is the rural sacrificial song represented. Because it is according to need and creation, creators are mostly creation the ace of han da fu, at the same time because of articles property as well as reasons resulted in this part of the paintings are difficult solution, readability is not high.
Han emperor wudi later literati writing due to political influences to smaller, and by yuefu folk songs and the influence of western music to big a lot, so stay works artistic value is higher than before. Such as west ham at the end of the "the wusun princess song," "zhaojun hatred", "hatred song •", the three papers women work has always been appreciated by the people.
Eastern han scholars of work is not large, but art value obviously much higher than the western han dynasty. This is mainly yuefu folk songs of popularization, scholars, and at that time the enhancement self-consciousness of social environment and the influence of the results. "Dong", the plumed JiaoRao LinLang ", "five songs Ai works all have strong feasibility, and ordinary people's life in the lower earnestly related, absorbs the critical characteristic folk songs, so for a long time has been regarded as the excellent work.
Han dynasty scholar poectry is so precious literary heritage, a because it reflect the people's life, is directly under the influence of folk literature and produce the earliest literary works; 2 it is these works mostly inherited the "book of songs" and yuefu folk songs of traditional realism, 3 it is the earliest get these works of folk literature, inheriting the nourish yuefu folk songs of change, we see the same period in today's yuefu folk songs, they also shoulder the responsibility of the stylistic change, and really made style changes, and literati in participation of poems of yue fu creation and change to play a positive role. They pioneering spirit is later literati model, among them many xiaochu attracted numerous junior pastiche and innovation, their spirit deep later people esteem.

Answer 3

天啊 这么长！ 建议你用林格斯吧···

Answer 4

天啊 这么长！ 建议你用林格斯吧···

Answer 5

可参考文言细节