Question

如何用分词来简化状语从句

Answer 1

情形一：从句主语和主句主语一致

步骤：去（从句）连词—去（从句）主语—（从句）谓语变分词

时间状语从句

1、 以when，while引导的时间状语从句和以if引导的条件状语从句，谓语动词是主动语态时，如果从句谓语动词所表示的动作是与主句谓语同时发生，可简化为现在分词的一般式；如果从句谓语动词所表示的动作发生在主句谓语之前，则可简化为现在分词的完成式。

When we heard (=When hearing/Hearing)the teacher's pleasant talk to us, we began to feel comfortable.

While Mary was standing(While standing/Standing) in front of the teacher, she(Mary) was very nervous.

状语从句的谓语动词是被动语态时，可简化为过去分词。

When ／If it is heated to a high temperature(=Heated to a high temperature)，water will change into steam．

If we are given(=Given) more time, we can do the work better.

If the city is seen(=Seen) from the mountain, it（the city） looks very beautiful.

2、以after,before引导的状语从句可用after,before+从句谓语动词的动名词（短语）形式构成介词短语作状语。

After he put on (=After putting)the trousers, he found they were 2 inches too long.

也可：Having put on the trousers, …

Before we do the job(=Before doing the job), we'd better think it over.

3、以as soon as 引导的状语从句，可用On+谓语动词的动名词形式作状语，此时的动词是非延续性动词。

Doctor Bethune began to operate on the wounded soldiers as soon as he arrived (=On arriving)at the village.

2、原因状语从句

可简化为分词短语作状语。

Since you still look pretty sick(=Looking pretty sick), you'd better have a good rest.

Because he was(=Being) one of the best teachers in the city, he was given a medal.

Since I didn't know Chinese(=Not knowing Chinese), I tried to speak to her in English.

情形二：从句主语和主句主语不一致

步骤：去连词—留主语—动词变分词

当状语从句的主语与主句的主语不一致时，状语从句简化成分词短语时则要保留其本身的主语，使该主语成为分词短语的逻辑主语，即构成独立主格结构（主语+分词）。例如：

As it was fine that day（=It being fine that day）），we decided to go fishing．

Since his father had fallen ill（His father having fallen ill），John had to begin working at the age of ten.

If weather permits(=Weather permitting), we will have a picnic.

Answer 2

把状语从句化为分词短语，分词的逻辑主语与主句主语要一致。现在分词表示主动与进行，过去分词表示被动。如：
Being ill, he didn't go to school.
(He he didn't go to school because was ill.)
Given more time ,he could do it better.
(If he was given more time ,he could do it better)