Question

求助，哪位帮忙分析一下句子？谢啦！尽量详细点

A student may use elective time to prepare for advanced study in some professional field, such as medicine or law, for graduate study in some area in which M.I.T. gives no undergraduate degree, such as meteorology or psychology, or for advanced study in an interdisciplinary field, such as astrophysics, communication science, or energy.

Answer 1

主谓宾结构
主语A student，谓语use，宾语time，to prepare是宾语补足语，表目的。prepare for(what)，for有词后有并列的三个宾语（advanced study in some professional field, such as medicine or law），（ graduate study in some area in which M.I.T. gives no undergraduate degree, such as meteorology or psychology），（advanced study in an interdisciplinary field, such as astrophysics, communication science, or energy），这三个宾语用连词or连接。
三个宾语中的such as都是对前面深造学习科目的举例。第二个for的宾语中有一句定语从句，（in which ）M.I.T. gives no undergraduate degree，限定限定先行词area。

整句话的意思是：学生会有效地利用时间来准备一些专业领域的深造，比如医药或法律；或者申请麻省理工学院不提供硕士学位的研究生课程，比如气象学或心理学；再或者准备跨学科领域的深造，比如天体物理学，通讯科学或是能量学。

Answer 2

一个学生可以用选修课的时间来为在麻省理工学院在本科阶段未开设课程的研究生学习的一些专业领域例如医学或法学的高级研究做准备，例如气象学，心理学，或者在跨学科领域的深入学习，例如天体物理学，通讯科学或者能量学。
去掉各个修饰成分后你可以看成：A student may use elective time to prepare for advanced study in some professional field for graduatestudy in some area.
第一个such as后的medicine or law是指professional field的例子。
in which 后接一个修饰some area的从句。
第二个such as指本科没有而研究生有的这些选修课，有三个例子：meteorology，psychology，for advanced study in an interdisciplinary field。
or for advanced study in an interdisiplinary field后面的such as是这个领域的例子。

Answer 3

prepare之后就全都是prepare的补语了。
其中，三个for sth.是并列的，而它们后面分别跟着的such as只是对它们各自的举例。像下面这样：
A student may use elective time to prepare
1. for ..., such as 1a, 1b, 1c,
2. for ..., such as 2a, 2b, 2c,
3. or for ..., such as 3a, 3b, 3c.