Question

这是英语考试口语的问题、急需答案。

TOPIC 2 Environment
1. Which types of energy should we use: wood, coal, petroleum, water power, nuclear energy or solar energy and why?
2. Whenever we watch TV, we are helping send greenhouse gases into the air. Do you know any other things we do help send greenhouse gases into air and why?
3. Do you know any machine or appliance that is powered by solar or wind energy? Can you list any other clean energy technologies?
4. The sandstorm, known as a “sand devil,” has become a great concern. Please briefly explain the reasons behind this phenomenon.
5. Do you know some other climate disasters caused by the pollution of environment?
Topic discussion
Global warming may be the most harmful environmental problem human beings have created. Please discuss its causes, consequences and what we can do to reduce it.
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Answer 1

1. In my opinion we should use solar energy. Because solar energy can be converted directly or indirectly into other forms of energy, such as heat and electricity. And also solar energy has great potential to benefit our nation. They can diversify our energy supply, improve the quality of the air we breathe, offset greenhouse gas emissions and so on.
2.when we burn the wood,or drive the car,that will cause lots of Carbon dioxide.
3. Solar water heater and solar oven are powered by solar . Other clean energy technologies: such as Ocean energy 、 traditional biomass and geothermal energy .
4.Sand-dust storm is a weather event mainly occurred in the arid and semi-arid regions of the world, which is caused by the sand and dust blown into the atmosphere by strong wind. After its occurrence, the atmosphere becomes very dusty and the sight distance in the horizontal direction is less than 1000m. Sand-dust storm is also a natural event that can cause serious disaster and soil erosion. Consequently, sand-dust storm can be a indicator of the degree of desertification.
The occurrence of sand-dust storm is mainly controlled by atmosphere circle, weather condition, and characteristics of land cover. However, after its occurrence, human being can do nothing to it. To reduce its occurrence frequency and the possible caused disasters, the only practicable way is to improve the condition of land cover. Therefore, researches focus on the relationship between land cover and sand-dust storm can not only reveal the occurrence mechanism of sand storm but also provide the theoretical basis to control it. Besides, these researches can also provide theoretical basis for the actions to improve the eco-environment in Northwest China.
5.Floods , frost, acid rain, and storm surge, seawater intrusion

Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of the Earth's near-surface air and oceans since the mid-20th century and its projected continuation.

Global surface temperature increased 0.74 ± 0.18 °C (1.33 ± 0.32 °F) during the 100 years ending in 2005. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concludes that most of the temperature increase since the mid-twentieth century is "very likely" due to the increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations. Natural phenomena such as solar variation and volcanoes probably had a small warming effect from pre-industrial times to 1950 and a small cooling effect from 1950 onward.These basic conclusions have been endorsed by at least 30 scientific societies and academies of science, including all of the national academies of science of the major industrialized countries.While individual scientists have voiced disagreement with these findings,the overwhelming majority of scientists working on climate change agree with the IPCC's main conclusions.

Climate model projections indicate that global surface temperature will likely rise a further 1.1 to 6.4 °C (2.0 to 11.5 °F) during the twenty-first century.[3] The uncertainty in this estimate arises from use of differing estimates of future greenhouse gas emissions and from use of models with differing climate sensitivity. Another uncertainty is how warming and related changes will vary from region to region around the globe. Although most studies focus on the period up to 2100, warming is expected to continue for more than a thousand years even if greenhouse gas levels are stabilized. This results from the large heat capacity of the oceans.[3]

Increasing global temperature will cause sea levels to rise and will change the amount and pattern of precipitation, likely including an expanse of the subtropical desert regions.[13] Other likely effects include increases in the intensity of extreme weather events, changes in agricultural yields, modifications of trade routes, glacier retreat, species extinctions and increases in the ranges of disease vectors.

Most national governments have signed and ratified the Kyoto Protocol aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Political and public debate continues regarding what, if any, action should be taken to reduce or reverse future warming or to adapt to its expected consequences.