Question

虚拟语气一定要变成相应过去式吗?

Answer 1

不是过去式.
要看情况

虚拟语气分三种情况来掌握:
1,虚拟条件句.
2,名词性虚拟语气.
3,虚拟语气的其他用语.
一,虚拟条件句:
条件状语从句是非真实情况,在这种情况下要用虚拟语气.
1,条件从句与现在事实不一致,其句型为:
If 主语+过去时,主语+should(could, would, 或might)+动词原形,如:
If I were you, I would study hard.
If it rained, I would not be here now.
2,条件从句与过去事实不一致,句型为:
If 主语+had+过去分词,主语+should(could, would, 或might)+have+过去分词,如:
If the doctor had come last night, the boy would have saved.
If I had not studied hard, I would have failed in the exam last term.
3,条件从句与将来事实不一致,句型为:
+do,主语+should(could…)+ 原形 do
过去时(与现在事实条件句一样).
If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.
If I were to go to the moon one day, I could see it with my own eyes.
If you missed the film to night, you would feel sorry.
注意问题:
1,If条件句中绝对不可出现"would".
2,根据句中的时间状语,有时可能出现"混合虚拟"的情况,即主句可能是现在的情况,条件句也许是发生在过去的情况,但都是遵守上述句型.
3,在条件句中如果出现were, had, should可省去if,将主语与这些词倒装,例如:
Had the doctor come last night, the boy would have saved.
Were I to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes.
Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.
二,名词性虚拟语气:
在表示命令,建议要求,惊叹时的名词性从句中需用虚拟语气,基本句型:
主语+(should)+动词原形,如:
Mother insisted that John go to bed at 9 o'clock.(宾语从句)
We suggested that the meeting should not be held.
It was required that the crops should be harvested at once.(主语从句)
The suggestion that he be invited was rejected.(同位语从句)
That is their demand that their wages be increased.(表语从句)
注意:在这种句子中绝不出现"would""must""could"等.
三,虚拟语气在一些特殊词中的使用或含蓄条件句:
1,wish后的宾语从句:
与现在愿望不一致 主语+过去时;
与过去愿望不一致 主语+had+过去分词;
与未来愿望不一致 主语+would(could)+原形.
I wish I were you.
I wish I had visited the white House when I was in the states.
I wish I met you tomorrow at the party.
2,It's time句型:当It's time后用that从句时应该为:
主语+should+原形 或 主语+过去时,例如:
It's time that you went to school. 或
It's time that you should go to school.
3,If only引起的感叹句相当于"How I wish+宾语从句"
If only he could come! 他要能来就好了.
If only I had known the answer! 我要早知答案就好了.
4,would rather, as if(though)引导的句子也需使用虚拟,表示过去的情况用过去完成时,表示现在与将来的情况用过去时,如:
I'd rather you posted the letter right away.
I'd rather you had returned the book yesterday.
She loves the children as if they were hers.
Alan talked about Rome as if he had been there.
5,without, but, but for, otherwise引起的短语或句子常暗含着含蓄条件.
Without you, I would never know him.
But for your cooperation, we wouldn't have done the work so well.
But that she was afraid, she would have said no.
I would be most glad to help you, but I' am busy now.
I would have come to the party yesterday, but I was working.
I am busy now, otherwise I would do you the favor!
【专项训练一】
1,It is important that a college student a foreign language.
A.will master B.master C.masters D.would master
2,It is strange that she without saying a word.
A.should have gone out B.went
C.should go out D.goes out
3,If my lawyer here last Saturday, he me from going.
A.had been, would have prevented
B.had been, would prevent
C.were, would prevent
D.were, would have prevent
4, ——"He is a brave man."
——"Yes, I wish I his courage."
A.have B.had C.will have D.may have
5,If it rain, the crops would be saved.
A.should B.will C.is going to D.was to
6,He ordered that the medicine by a special plane.
A.was sent B.would be sent
C.should send D.be sent
7,If you the medicine, you better now.
A.took, would feel B.had taken, felt
C.had taken, would feel D.took, would have felt
8,She is my sister, but she often acts as if my mother.
A.is B.was C.were D.had been
9,I went to bed early last night, but I wish I so.
A.didn't do B.hadn't do C.haven't done D.couldn't do
10,I'd rather he tomorrow afternoon.
A.will come B.comes C.coming D.came
答案:
1,B 2,A 3,A 4,B 5,A
6,D 7,C 8,C 9,B 10,D
【专项训练二】
I.经典试题回顾:
1. Oh, I'm not feeling well in the stomach. I____ so much fried chicken just now. (0 2春季上海)
A. shouldn't eat B .mustn't have eaten
C. shouldn't have eaten D. mustn't eat
2. How I wish every family ____ a large house with a beautiful garden. (0 2春季上海)
A. has B. had C. will have D. had had
3.--I hear you've got a set of valuable Australian coins.____ I have a look
--Yes, certainly. (0 2春季上海)
A. Do B. May C. Shall D. Should
4--I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.
--It____ true because there was little snow there.(02北京)
A. may not be B. won't be C. couldn't be D. mustn't be
5. It has been announced that candidates____ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.
A. can B. will C. may D. shall (02上海)
6. A left-luggage office is a place where bags ______ be left for a short time, especially at a railway
station. (NMET03)
A. should B. can C. must D. will
7. How ____ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article
can B. must C. need D. may (03上海卷)
8. — Isn' t that Ann's husband over there
— No, it _______ be him -I'm sure he doesn't wear glasses. (04河南/北,安徽,江西)
A. can't B. must not C. won't D. may not
9. You ______ be tired. You've only been working for an hour. (04四川,吉林,黑龙江,云南)
A. must not B. won' t C. can' t D. may not
10.I often see lights in that empty house. Do you think I _____ report it to the police (04内蒙,海南)
A. should B. may C. will D. can
11.Mr. White _____ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn't' show up. (04内蒙,海南)
A. should have arrived B. should arrive
C. should have had arrived D. should be arriving
12. — Who is the girl standing over there
— Well , if you ______ know , her name is Mabel .(04天津)
A. may B. can C. must D. shall
13.—Excuse me . Is this the right way to the Summer Palace
—Sorry , I am not sure . But it _______ be . (04湖北)
A.might B.will C.must D.can
14.---- Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report.
---- You ______ have my computer if you don't take care of it. (04湖南)
A. shan't B. might not C. needn't D. shouldn't
15. I ____ pay Tracy a visit, but I am not sure whether I will have time this Sunday. (04浙江)
A. should B. might C. would D. could
16.—Go for a picnic this weekend ,OK
—_______ .I love getting close to nature. (04福建)
A.I couldn't agree more B.I'm afraid not
C.I believe not D.I don't think so
17.—I'll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.
—You________ her last week. (04福建)
A.ought to tell B.would have told C.must tell D.should have told
18."The interest______ be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides," declared the judge. (04重庆)
A. may B. should C. must D. shall
19.Children under 12 years of age in that country ________ be under adult supervision when in a public library.( 04上海)
A. must B. may C. can D. need
20.—Mum , I've been studying English since 8 o'clock. ______ I go out and play with Tom for a while
—No, I'm afraid not . Besides , it's raining outside now . (04辽宁)
A.Can't B.Wouldn't C.May not D.Won't
21. --- I don't mind telling you what I know.
--- You_______. I'm not asking you for it. (04江苏)
A. mustn't B. may not C. can't D. needn't
II.巩固练习:
1.---You didn't invite John to the party
---_____him, too
A Must I invite B Must I have invited
C Should I invite D Should I have invited
2.Night has fallen, we have to stay here for the night, ____
A don't we B hasn't it C mustn't we D doesn't it
3. --Would you please not throw your shoes on the floor
--I am sorry I __ do it again.
A needn't B can't C wouldn't D won't
4. I tried to call on you last week but your dog simply ____ not let me come through the gate
A could B would C might D should
5. ---A man is asking to see you. _____ he come in
---- Let him in.
A. Must B. Shall C. Will D. Dare
6.She ____ terribly tired last night. She had been working without a break for over ten hours.
A maybe B had been C used to be D must have been
7. Do tell me what you'd like for your birthday ,dear,______
A will you B do you C don't you D can't you
8. --Do you regret paying five dollars for the book
--No, I _____twice as much for it.
A would gladly have paid B had gladly paid
9. -Don't forget to write to me when you get home.
--_____.
A I must B I should C I won't D I will
10. We ____ last night, but we went to the concert instead.
A must have studied B might study C should have studied D would study
11. They would have bought that house, which stood at the foot of the hill, ____ at that time.
A. though they hadn't had enough money B. otherwise they hadn't enough money
C. if they had enough money D. but they didn't have enough money
12. As it tuned out to be a small house party, we ____ so formally.
A. needn't dress up B. couldn't have dressed up
C. didn't need dress up D. needn't have dressed up
13. --Might I watch TV after supper
-Yes, you ____
A may B must C might D can
14. If you listen to me, you ____have some candies, Tommy.
A. are able to B. shall C. must D. need
15. You must have been to London for many times, _____ you
A mustn't B didn't C haven't D may not
16. --What do you think of it
--I think it is a thing of importance that it ____ done soon.
A. is B. is to be C. be D. to be
17. --Alice , why didn't you come yesterday
--I ____ , but I had an unexpected visitor.
A had B would C was going to D did
18.In the summer vacation we____ often take a walk along the river.
A might B could C would D should
19. ---- Why does Sara know so much about Angkor Wat
---- She _____ have been there, or
A must B oughtn't to C may D can't
20. The line was busy. Someone_____ the telephone.
A may have used B must have been using
C may be using D must be using
21. He was late for class today. But for the heavy fog, he ____ an hour earlier.
A could come B could have come C were to come D should come
22.I'm sure you'd rather she stayed in France, _____
A wouldn't you B didn't you C shouldn't you D couldn't you
23.Michael____ be a policeman, for he's much too short.
A needn't B can't C should D may
24. ____ I had time, I would have run round that lake again.
A If B Unless C Had D When
25.If you really want yourself to be in good health ,you ____always____ so much.
A mustn't; be smoking B needn't; smoke
C won't; be smoking D can't; smoke
26. It's strange that the boy ____ without saying good-bye to the teacher.
A must have left B have left C can have left D may have left
27. He was taken away by the police .He ____ for a thief.
A must mistake B must be mistaken C must have been mistaken D must have mistaken
28.I____ opera ,but now I'm getting interested.
A was used to like B didn't use to like C used to like D was used to liking
29.She's already an hour late, What _____to her
A can have happened B may happen C should have happened D may have happened
30.When a friend of mine gave me a ticket for the game, I ____ go.
A couldn't help B can't but C couldn't help but D just have to
31. Without electricity, human life _____ quite different today.
A is B will be C would have been D would be
32.Yesterday, Jane walked away from the discussion. Otherwise, she ____ something she would regret later.
A had said B said C might say D might have said
33. ____it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yang Pu Bridge.
A Were B Should C Would D Will
34. Jane's pale face suggested that she ____ ill, and her parents suggested that she ____ a medical
examination.
A be; should have B was; have C should be; had D was; has
35.I left very early last night, but I wish I____ so early.
A didn't leave B hadn't left C haven't left D couldn't leave
36.The two strangers talked as if they ____ friends for years.
A should be B would be C have been D had been
37.Jim would rather _____ now, but we must go to work.
A that we don't leave B we not leave C we didn't leave D our not leaving
38.I didn't call to make my friend attend the meeting , but I ____
A should have B may have C must have D shall have
39. It was required that each student____ enough food on the trip.
A bring B brought C would bring D had better bring
40. Kunar can take his car apart and put it back together again. I certainly wish he ____ me how.
A teaches B will teach C has taught D would teach
41. If you children _____ do as I tell you, you ____ go to the party.
A won't; shan't B don't; won't C won't; shouldn't D don't; had better not

经典试题回顾答案:
1-5 CBCCD 6-10 BAACA 11-15 ACAAA 16-20 ADDAA 21D
巩固练习答案及部分答案解析:
1-5 DADBB 6-10DAACC 11-15DDDBC 16-20CCCCB 21-25 BABCA
26-30 BCBAC 31-35 DDBBB 36-40DCAAD 41A
4.B.would可表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向.
5.B.shall用于第一,第三人称疑问句中,表示说话人征求对方的意见和向对方请示
9.C.用will表示意志决心,补全句子应该是I won't forget to…易错选D.
14.B.shall用于第二,第三人称陈述句中,表示说话人给对方的命令,警告,允诺或威胁,
26.B..在It is十形容词(necessary,natural,strange,etc.)十that从句中用虚拟语气,
31.D.有时为了表达的需要,在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件句,而通过用介词短语替代条件句其他手段来替代条件句.常用介词有with,without,but for等.
33.B.如果从句中含有系动词,情态动词或助词时,可省略if把从句中的were,had或should提到其主语前形成倒装结构
34.B.当suggest作"暗示,表明''讲,insist作"坚持说"讲,即坚持事实是怎样时,后边that从句不用虚拟语气.
39.A.在动词demand,order,require,insist,suggest等后that引导的宾语从句中用虚拟语气,常用"should+动词原形"且should可以省略.