如何培养小孩的独立性
展开全部
1.允许孩子有自己的情感世界
尊重幼儿情感,对于孩子的“大惊小怪”,父母要给予充分的理解,不能嘲笑、呵斥孩子,不能对孩子的感情不屑一顾,要给予真诚的关注,与孩子之间保持一种平和的态度和宽松的氛围,不能把成人意见和情绪强加给孩子,更不能对孩子进行“情绪污染”,用自己的不良情绪影响、压抑幼儿,让其情感围着成人变化,而无法拥有自己独立的情感世界。
2.珍惜孩子自我独立意识
当孩子二三岁的时候,出现了最初的自我概念,开始出现“给我”“我要”“我会”“我自己来”等自我独立意向。心理学家指出:当幼儿的独立活动的要求得到某种满足或受到成人支持时,他就表现出得意、高兴,出现“自尊”“自豪”等最初的自我肯定的情感和态度,否则就出现否定的情感和态度。
3.父母无条件的爱
孩子的人格独立和依恋安全成正比,与父母的爱息息相关。当孩子内在与父母的联接越紧密,爱的浓度、纯度和质量越高,依恋关系越安全,孩子的人格独立性才会越强。父母美其名曰为了培养孩子的独立性而过早和孩子分床睡,很小就把孩子放在托儿所、幼儿园,让孩子从小就寄宿,让孩子在外地上学,殊不知,这对孩子来说是父母的抛弃,心里就会缺乏安全感,面对外在环境会自卑,独立的人格也无法建立。
4.提出任务,让孩子独立去完成
家长可以有目的、有计划地交给孩子一些任务,让他们独自去完成。例如:让他自己搭积木 、粘贴一幅画、修补自己的书、照顾小金鱼等。在安全的环境下,让孩子独自购买小商品、取快递等。如在活动中出现困难,要鼓励他自己去克服,让他感到“我能行”。孩子完成时,赞许他的成果。注意任务一定是他们力所能及的,要让他经过努力能够成功。
5.创造机会,感受挫折,培养孩子自我抉择、解决问题的能力
多让孩子接触人,事物以及不同的环境。比如参加集体活动、爬山、旅行,在这些适应过程中出现矛盾冲突时,他会在不同的环境中做出不同的判断。这时,家长不要立即去帮他们解决,而是鼓励、支持和引导孩子,更不能打击孩子的独立愿望或者包办代替。当孩子体验到成功和快乐会转化成内在的信心和动力,从而促进他进一步做出努力,进而增强独立意识,提高独立能力。
显然,培养孩子的独立不等于“不管”,如果让孩子随心所欲、为所欲为,会使孩子执拗任性,独断专行,不能和别人和睦友好相处。这些不良的人格特征将使孩子很难适应将来的工作,将来的社会。
尊重幼儿情感,对于孩子的“大惊小怪”,父母要给予充分的理解,不能嘲笑、呵斥孩子,不能对孩子的感情不屑一顾,要给予真诚的关注,与孩子之间保持一种平和的态度和宽松的氛围,不能把成人意见和情绪强加给孩子,更不能对孩子进行“情绪污染”,用自己的不良情绪影响、压抑幼儿,让其情感围着成人变化,而无法拥有自己独立的情感世界。
2.珍惜孩子自我独立意识
当孩子二三岁的时候,出现了最初的自我概念,开始出现“给我”“我要”“我会”“我自己来”等自我独立意向。心理学家指出:当幼儿的独立活动的要求得到某种满足或受到成人支持时,他就表现出得意、高兴,出现“自尊”“自豪”等最初的自我肯定的情感和态度,否则就出现否定的情感和态度。
3.父母无条件的爱
孩子的人格独立和依恋安全成正比,与父母的爱息息相关。当孩子内在与父母的联接越紧密,爱的浓度、纯度和质量越高,依恋关系越安全,孩子的人格独立性才会越强。父母美其名曰为了培养孩子的独立性而过早和孩子分床睡,很小就把孩子放在托儿所、幼儿园,让孩子从小就寄宿,让孩子在外地上学,殊不知,这对孩子来说是父母的抛弃,心里就会缺乏安全感,面对外在环境会自卑,独立的人格也无法建立。
4.提出任务,让孩子独立去完成
家长可以有目的、有计划地交给孩子一些任务,让他们独自去完成。例如:让他自己搭积木 、粘贴一幅画、修补自己的书、照顾小金鱼等。在安全的环境下,让孩子独自购买小商品、取快递等。如在活动中出现困难,要鼓励他自己去克服,让他感到“我能行”。孩子完成时,赞许他的成果。注意任务一定是他们力所能及的,要让他经过努力能够成功。
5.创造机会,感受挫折,培养孩子自我抉择、解决问题的能力
多让孩子接触人,事物以及不同的环境。比如参加集体活动、爬山、旅行,在这些适应过程中出现矛盾冲突时,他会在不同的环境中做出不同的判断。这时,家长不要立即去帮他们解决,而是鼓励、支持和引导孩子,更不能打击孩子的独立愿望或者包办代替。当孩子体验到成功和快乐会转化成内在的信心和动力,从而促进他进一步做出努力,进而增强独立意识,提高独立能力。
显然,培养孩子的独立不等于“不管”,如果让孩子随心所欲、为所欲为,会使孩子执拗任性,独断专行,不能和别人和睦友好相处。这些不良的人格特征将使孩子很难适应将来的工作,将来的社会。
展开全部
Independence
Currently, it is a common practice that independent is necessary and essential quality for teenagers. On one hand, being independent will hone their abilities of industrious, ingenious and even motivated, which can build up their sound mind and body. On the other hand, being independent also means that they need to be risk to facing more obstacles by themselves.
A survey, conducted by a famous Chinese forum, after polling thousands of college students aged between 20 and 25, has conducted that though some students claimed that they have difficulty supporting themselves after independence, a significant percentage of respondents believe that learning independence bring them mature. For example, without any independent experience of being a sales man, how can a student-just graduated from a university and usually having learned only academic knowledge during his school time- know whether he is good at selling products. Besides, during this exploring process, young people will become mature.
Personally, I suggest that young people must to learn how to be independent, which needs the quality of facing unexpected difficulties. Nevertheless, there is no denying that critical and rational thinking Is Precondition to be independence
Currently, it is a common practice that independent is necessary and essential quality for teenagers. On one hand, being independent will hone their abilities of industrious, ingenious and even motivated, which can build up their sound mind and body. On the other hand, being independent also means that they need to be risk to facing more obstacles by themselves.
A survey, conducted by a famous Chinese forum, after polling thousands of college students aged between 20 and 25, has conducted that though some students claimed that they have difficulty supporting themselves after independence, a significant percentage of respondents believe that learning independence bring them mature. For example, without any independent experience of being a sales man, how can a student-just graduated from a university and usually having learned only academic knowledge during his school time- know whether he is good at selling products. Besides, during this exploring process, young people will become mature.
Personally, I suggest that young people must to learn how to be independent, which needs the quality of facing unexpected difficulties. Nevertheless, there is no denying that critical and rational thinking Is Precondition to be independence
已赞过
已踩过<
评论
收起
你对这个回答的评价是?
推荐律师服务:
若未解决您的问题,请您详细描述您的问题,通过百度律临进行免费专业咨询