Question

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Governments all over the world publicize the condition of their economies.Most countries,including the United States,have used a measure called the gross national product or GNP.It includes all goods and services produced by citizens of the country anywhere in the world.
Recently the American Commerce Department has started using a new method to measure production.It is known as the gross domestic product or GDP.It counts only goods and services that have been produced within the nation’s borders.Money earned by foreign companies operating in the other countries is not.
Economic experts are generally in favor of the change.They say thar the gross domestic product provides a truer measure of the economy.They also note thar most other industrial countries use this method.Moreover it will be esasier to study the sconomies of different countries.Some officers also hope the new system will help them make better economix policy decisions.It will provide them with a clearer understanding of economic activity in the US.The new measure is more likely to be affected by sudden changes in foreign oil prices or in the price of the American dollar in other countries.Economic exprets believe that the change from GNP to GDP will immediately reduce the value of American production at at least 40,000 million dollars a year.But that is really a very small change in the American economy—less than 1%.The Commerce Department reports the unofficial gross domestic product once each 3 months.The government also contiues to report GNPas it has four times a year since 1941.

Answer 1

世界各国政府均公开本国的经济发展状况。其中，包括美国在内的多数国家都使用GNP（国民生产总值）这一参数来衡量经济发展，GNP指世界各地所有由美国公民所创造的商品和服务总值。
近来，美国商业部开始使用一种新方法衡量生产力，这个参数叫GDP（国内生产总值），即只包括在美国本土内所创造的商品和服务总值，而不包括在国外公司所创造的价值。
经济专家普遍赞成这一变化，他们说国内生产总值能更真实地反映经济发展，同时也提到多数国家都应推行这个指标，因为这个指标对于研究各国的经济发展更为便捷。一些官员也希望新的经济体制能有助于制定更好的经济政策，更清晰地分析美国的经济活动。新指标很有可能受到国外油价突变或美元汇率的影响。
经济专家相信从GNP到GDP的转变很快会将美国总产值每年降低400亿。但这个数目--占不到总经济的1%，对于美国经济只是一个小变化。商业部将每三个月公布国内总值，政府也会一如既往的公布国民生产总值每年四次—这一做法从1941年延续至今。

Answer 2