初三英语:定语从句知识点归纳
定语从句由关系代词who、whom、whose、which、what、as和关系副词where、when、why等引导，但须记住：
1.what不能引导定语从句.
2.关系词的分析须考虑它在定语从句中的成分。
一.指人的`关系代词有who、whose、whom、that.试分析：
Theoldmanwho/whom/thatwevisitedyesterdayisafamousartist.
MissWangistakingcareofthechildwhoseparentshavegonetoBeijing.
Themanwithwhommyfathershookhandsjustnowisourheadmaster.(=Themanwho/whomthatmyfathershookhandswithjustnowisourheadmaster.)注：
A．指人时有时只用who不宜用that。
1．先行词为one、ones或anyone
(1)ThecomradeIwanttolearnfromistheonewhostudieshardandworkshard.
(2)Anyonewhobreaksthelawshouldbepunished.
2．先行词为these时
ThesewhoaregoingtoBeijingarethebeststudentsofourschool.
3．在therebe开头的句子中
Thereisastudentwhowantstoseeyou.
4．一个句子中带有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that，另一个宜用who，以免重复。
Thestudentthatwonthefirstprizeisthemonitorwhoworkshards.
5．在非限制性定语从句中
A.Imetafriendofmineinthestreet,whohadjustcomefromJapan.
B.主句以who开头的句子中,只用that,不用who。
二．指物的关系代词有which、whose(=ofwhich)、that.试分析：
1.Ilikethebookswhich/thatwerewrittenbyLuXun.
2.Thedesks(which/that)wemadelastyearwereverygood.
3.Thisisthehouseinwhichwelivedlastyear.(=Thisisthehousewhich/thatwelivedinlastyear.)
4.Iliveintheroomwhosewindowsfacesouth.(=Iliveintheroom,thewindowsofwhichfacesouth.)
注：
A.介词如果位于作为其宾语的关系代词之前时，只能用whom、which不能用who或that.
(1).Thegirlaboutwhomtheyweretalkingisourmonitor.
(2).ThebookinwhichtherearemanyinterestingthingswaswrittenbyLiMing.
B.部分短语动词中的介词不可与动词拆开，在定语从句中其介词不可前置，只能放在其动词之后。
Isthisthebookwhichsheislookingfor?
Theoldmanwho/whomtheyarewaitingforisProfessorLi.
Thechildwho/whomsheislookingafterisWangPing’sson.
