定语从句和同位语从句的区别
同位语从句中连接词that在从句中不作句子成分,也没有词汇含义,只起连接作用,其作用大致相当于一个冒号;而引导定语从句的that是关系代词,且在句中充当句子的成分。
具体区别如下:
1、 被修饰的词不同:同位语从句的前面一般是数量有限的、表示抽象意义的名词;而定语从句的先行词是无数的指人或物名词。
例子:
Word came that he had been abroad.(同位语从句)
这个消息传来,他在国外。
Our team has won the game, which made us very happy.(定语从句)
队伍的取得胜利使我们高兴。
2. 从句的作用不同:同位语从句表示同位名词的具体内容,而定语从句是对先行词的限制、描绘或说明。
例子:
The news that our team has won the game was true. (同位语从句)
我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。
The news that he told me yesterday was true.(定语从句)
昨天他告诉我的那个消息是真的。
3. 引导词不同:what, how, whether等不能用引导定语从句,但可用于引导同位从句。
例子:
That question whether we need it has not been considered.(同位语从句)
我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑。
The order hat we received yesterday was that we hould send a few people to help the other groups.(定语从句)
我们应派几个人去帮别的几个小组的命令昨天收到了。
4. 引导词的作用不同:引导同位语从句的that是连词,在从句中不充当任何成分;而引导定语从句的that为关系代词,在从句中充当一定的句子成分。
例子:
The news that got around the town made people happy.(定语从句)
我们的队赢了,这让我们很高兴
The news that he came back made people happy.(同位语从句)
他回来的消息让人们感到很高兴。
5. 判定定语从句和同位语从句的方法:由于同位语从句是用以说明被修饰名词的具体内容的,所它可以转换同位名词的表语;而定语从句则不能作这种转换。
例子:
At the first day, I booked a kind of magazine that Tom had recommended to me.(定语从句)
在第一天,我在读汤姆推荐我的杂志。
he fact can`t be accepted by the fans that we lost the swimming game .(同位语从句)
因为他放不下架子,所以我们输了游泳比赛。