Question

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Everyone wants some degree of success. Many people believe that they deserve success simply because they believe that they deserve success. But there is a widespread belief that people who get on in life may be successful not because they deserve it, but because of influential friends or the right background. Sometimes it may just be a comforting and harmless belief, while at the other extreme it can be very destructive. I once met a brilliant young engineer who worked in a chemical plant. Because of her knowledge and experience, she should have been promoted to Production Manager. Instead, the job went to a man who was totally unsuited for the post. Everyone knew that he only got it because he was politically acceptable to his superiors. This injustice demoralized the young engineer and many of her colleagues. It also meant that the factory was much less efficient than it could have been.
All the same, we should not be pessimistic. More and more, the modern world depends on having people who are in the job because they are good enough, not just because their face fits. There is a story of a factory owner who sent for an engineer to see to a machine, which would not go. He examined it, then took out a hammer and tapped it, once. The machine started up immediately. When he presented his bill, the owner protested, "This can't be right! $100 just for tapping a machine with a hammer?" The engineer wrote out a new bill: "For tapping a machine, $1; for knowing where to tap it, $ 99."
41. It is believed that some people have succeeded in life because______.
A) they feel superior to others B) they are both influential and powerful
C) they have some special advantages D) they have a poor background
42. The engineer at the chemical plant was not promoted because______.
A) it is more difficult for a woman to get a promotion than for her male colleagues
B) her boss did not think she had the right qualifications for the job
C) the man who got his promotion was more experienced than she was
D) her bosses did not approve of her political views and opinions
43. The engineer who repaired the machine was right to charge $100 because______.
A) he was the only person who could find out what was wrong with it
B) the factory owner could not have repaired it himself C) he hit the machine to get it started again
D) he was charging for his knowledge and expert skills
44. The author's attitude toward the widespread belief is______. A) positive B) negative C) neutral D) sympathetic
45. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE?
A) Having influential friends or right background seems helpful sometimes.
B) The engineer had good reason to overcharge the factory owner.
C) Not all those who are good in their jobs have the chance to be promoted.
D) Those who are good in their job are still largely needed by the modern society.

Answer 1

41.C
But there is a widespread belief that people who get on in life may be successful not because they deserve it, but because of influential friends or the right background.
42.D
he was politically acceptable to his superiors
43.D
44.C (中立)
Sometimes it may just be a comforting and harmless belief, while at the other extreme it can be very destructive.
All the same, we should not be pessimistic
45.A
.

Answer 2

不好意思··任务