倒装句大揭密
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辉哥说：什么叫真努力？“觉得自己已经很努力了”或者“我比以前努力多了”都不是真努力，而往往只是自我陶醉。”所谓“真努力”，得看你：1.定了什么标准；2.有没有达到这个标准。而不是看你花了多了时间、做了多少事情。连努力的标准都没有，或者制定了标准却根本没有达到，都还是不够努力，或者根本就是自欺欺人的假勤奋、伪努力。
一、概述：
英语句子的基本语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后，当语序颠倒时就成了倒装结构。把谓语的全部放在主语之前称为完全倒装；而只把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前，则称为部分倒装。
二﹑倒装句的类型
[if !supportLists]1. [endif] 全部倒装句：
（1）here/ there/ now/ then/ thus/out/away/up/down等副词置于句首，谓语动词常用be/come/go/ lie/run，当其主语为名词时，通常要使用倒装。
eg: a. There goes the bell.
b. Here is your letter.
c. Off goes the woman!
d. Then came the chairman.
e. Away went the boy to the school!
注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能倒装。
eg: a.Here he comes.
b.Away they went.
（2）以引导词there开头的句子，须使用倒装结构，除there be外还有there live / stand / lie / exist等。
eg: a. There are three books on the desk．
b.There lived an old fisherman near the sea.
c.There stands a tall building in the centre of the town.
（3）so/neither/nor表示前面所述一件事也适合另一个人或物时，so用于肯定句，neither/nor用于否定句。
eg: a.Tom can speak French. So can Jack.
b.If you don't go, neither will I.
注意：
1）当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为“的确如此”。
eg: a.Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.
b.---It's raining hard.
---So it is.
[if !supportLists]2) [endif]但如果上文所述两件事也适合另一个人或物，就用So it is /was with sb.或It is/was the same with sb.
eg:Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language. So it was with English.
（4）介词短语做地点状语放在句首
eg: a.In the cottage lives a family of six.
b.Near the bridge was an old cottage.
c.In front of the house sat a little boy.
2. 部分倒装句
(1)疑问句
eg: a.Have you seen the film?
b.When are we going to drink to your happiness?
注意：如疑问词在句中做主语，则用自然语序。
eg: a. Who is your sister?
b.What is our work?
(2) so/such...that的so/such位于句首时
eg: a.So loudly did the students read that people could hear them out in the street.
b.So small were the words that he could hardly see them.
c.Such a famous man he is that everyone wants to take a photo with him.
(3)so, neither, nor表示前面所述一件事也适合另一个人或物时，So用于肯定句,neither/nor用于否定句
eg：a.Tom can speak French. So can Jack.
b.If you don't go, neither will I.
注意：
1）当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为“的确如此”。
eg：a.Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.
b.---It's raining hard.
---So it is.
2）但如果上文所述两件事也适合另一个人或物，就用So it is /was with sb.或It is/was the same with sb.
eg：Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language. So it was with English
（4）否定意义的副词或短语位于句首时，常见的有：in no way/not only…but also/never/little/rarely/seldom/hardly...when/no sooner…than/ scarcely…when/ in no case/ not... until
eg: a. Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. b.Hardly can I follow you. c.Seldom do I visit USA. d. Never have I seen such a performance .
注意：否定词不在句首不倒装。 a. I have never seen such a performance. b. The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.
[if !supportLists]（5）[endif]由as/though引导的让步状语从句。
分为表语十as＋主语十系动词和动词原形＋as＋主语十助动词
eg: a. Young as he is, he knows some of the family
b. Try as I might, I could not lift the stone.
注意：当单数名词位于句首时，名词前无冠词。
eg:Child as he is,he knows good English.
（6）省略连词“if”的条件副词分句
eg：a.Were I you, I would not do such a thing.
= If I were you, I would not do such a thing.
b.Would the machine break down again, send it back to us.
= If the machine would break down again, send it back to us.
c.Had you worked harder, you would have passed.
= If you had worked harder, you would have passed.
（7）有些表示“感叹、祝愿”等语气的句子，也可使用倒装结构
eg: a. Isn‘t it cold!
b.May both be happy!
c. May God bless you.
d. Long live the king!
（8）Only位于句首，强调句子的状语时
eg：a. Only then did I fully understand what my father said.
b. Only when I left school did I realize how important study is.三、倒装句应用
1.考题类型
（1）在语法填空中可能要求考生填入适当的助动词。在高考写作中恰当运用倒装句，特别是由“only+状语” 开头的倒装句，会给阅卷者留下良好的印象。
（2）在短文改错中，可能出现助动词的错用；漏掉构成部分倒装的助动词do, does或did；或者有了助动词does或did之后，谓语动词没有用原形；或者倒装句的主谓一致错误。
2.灵活运用
（1）改写句子
1） We don’t know its value until we lose health.
______________________ we know its value.
2）I will never forget you as long as I live.
__________I forget you as long as I live.
3） I had no sooner gone out than it began to rain.
_____________________ than it began to rain.
4） we can improve our English only in this way.
______________________ improve our English.
5）We have so much homework to do that we have no time to take a rest.
___________________we have to do that we have no time to take a rest.
Answer
1）Not until we lose health do
2）Never will
3）No sooner had I gone out
4）Only in this way can we
5）So much homework do
（2）用倒装句完成句子
1）只有用这种方法，你才能学好英语。
_______________ you learn English well.
2）她非常感激，向我点了点头。
_______________ she that she nodded to me.
3）灿烂的微笑不但使我们自己高兴，也会使他人感觉到愉悦。
____________________ make ourselves happy, but it also enables others to feel delighted.
4）直到那时，她才意识到她没有带钱。
_____________________that she had forgotten to take money with her.
Answer
1）Only in this way can
2）So grateful was
3）Not only can a beautiful smile
4）Not until then did she realize
（3）单句改错
1）At noon there were still no news.
2）Here is some picture-books for you.
3）If you don’t go there tomorrow, neither does Tom.
4）I didn’t see the film, and nor didn’t you.
5）I can’t swim and so can Kate.
6）He was unable to make much progress, hard although he tried.
7）Little does he realizes how important this meeting is.
8）So loudly he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.
Answer
1）were→ was 主语是no news，单数。
2）is→ are 主语是some picture-books,复数。
3）does→ will 主句用一般将来时。
4）didn’t→ did 因neither, nor本身就是否定的了，其后的助动词用肯定形式。
5）so→ neither 表示后者的情况同前者一样，前者是否定情况，后者用neither或nor。
6）although→ as /though 因although引导让步状语从句时，不能用倒装。
7）realizes→ realize 前面已有助动词did了，要用原形。
8）在he前加did 因so+ adj.位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。
辉哥说：什么叫真努力？“觉得自己已经很努力了”或者“我比以前努力多了”都不是真努力，而往往只是自我陶醉。”所谓“真努力”，得看你：1.定了什么标准；2.有没有达到这个标准。而不是看你花了多了时间、做了多少事情。连努力的标准都没有，或者制定了标准却根本没有达到，都还是不够努力，或者根本就是自欺欺人的假勤奋、伪努力。
一、概述：
英语句子的基本语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后，当语序颠倒时就成了倒装结构。把谓语的全部放在主语之前称为完全倒装；而只把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前，则称为部分倒装。
二﹑倒装句的类型
[if !supportLists]1. [endif] 全部倒装句：
（1）here/ there/ now/ then/ thus/out/away/up/down等副词置于句首，谓语动词常用be/come/go/ lie/run，当其主语为名词时，通常要使用倒装。
eg: a. There goes the bell.
b. Here is your letter.
c. Off goes the woman!
d. Then came the chairman.
e. Away went the boy to the school!
注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能倒装。
eg: a.Here he comes.
b.Away they went.
（2）以引导词there开头的句子，须使用倒装结构，除there be外还有there live / stand / lie / exist等。
eg: a. There are three books on the desk．
b.There lived an old fisherman near the sea.
c.There stands a tall building in the centre of the town.
（3）so/neither/nor表示前面所述一件事也适合另一个人或物时，so用于肯定句，neither/nor用于否定句。
eg: a.Tom can speak French. So can Jack.
b.If you don't go, neither will I.
注意：
1）当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为“的确如此”。
eg: a.Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.
b.---It's raining hard.
---So it is.
[if !supportLists]2) [endif]但如果上文所述两件事也适合另一个人或物，就用So it is /was with sb.或It is/was the same with sb.
eg:Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language. So it was with English.
（4）介词短语做地点状语放在句首
eg: a.In the cottage lives a family of six.
b.Near the bridge was an old cottage.
c.In front of the house sat a little boy.
2. 部分倒装句
(1)疑问句
eg: a.Have you seen the film?
b.When are we going to drink to your happiness?
注意：如疑问词在句中做主语，则用自然语序。
eg: a. Who is your sister?
b.What is our work?
(2) so/such...that的so/such位于句首时
eg: a.So loudly did the students read that people could hear them out in the street.
b.So small were the words that he could hardly see them.
c.Such a famous man he is that everyone wants to take a photo with him.
(3)so, neither, nor表示前面所述一件事也适合另一个人或物时，So用于肯定句,neither/nor用于否定句
eg：a.Tom can speak French. So can Jack.
b.If you don't go, neither will I.
注意：
1）当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为“的确如此”。
eg：a.Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.
b.---It's raining hard.
---So it is.
2）但如果上文所述两件事也适合另一个人或物，就用So it is /was with sb.或It is/was the same with sb.
eg：Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language. So it was with English
（4）否定意义的副词或短语位于句首时，常见的有：in no way/not only…but also/never/little/rarely/seldom/hardly...when/no sooner…than/ scarcely…when/ in no case/ not... until
eg: a. Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. b.Hardly can I follow you. c.Seldom do I visit USA. d. Never have I seen such a performance .
注意：否定词不在句首不倒装。 a. I have never seen such a performance. b. The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.
[if !supportLists]（5）[endif]由as/though引导的让步状语从句。
分为表语十as＋主语十系动词和动词原形＋as＋主语十助动词
eg: a. Young as he is, he knows some of the family
b. Try as I might, I could not lift the stone.
注意：当单数名词位于句首时，名词前无冠词。
eg:Child as he is,he knows good English.
（6）省略连词“if”的条件副词分句
eg：a.Were I you, I would not do such a thing.
= If I were you, I would not do such a thing.
b.Would the machine break down again, send it back to us.
= If the machine would break down again, send it back to us.
c.Had you worked harder, you would have passed.
= If you had worked harder, you would have passed.
（7）有些表示“感叹、祝愿”等语气的句子，也可使用倒装结构
eg: a. Isn‘t it cold!
b.May both be happy!
c. May God bless you.
d. Long live the king!
（8）Only位于句首，强调句子的状语时
eg：a. Only then did I fully understand what my father said.
b. Only when I left school did I realize how important study is.三、倒装句应用
1.考题类型
（1）在语法填空中可能要求考生填入适当的助动词。在高考写作中恰当运用倒装句，特别是由“only+状语” 开头的倒装句，会给阅卷者留下良好的印象。
（2）在短文改错中，可能出现助动词的错用；漏掉构成部分倒装的助动词do, does或did；或者有了助动词does或did之后，谓语动词没有用原形；或者倒装句的主谓一致错误。
2.灵活运用
（1）改写句子
1） We don’t know its value until we lose health.
______________________ we know its value.
2）I will never forget you as long as I live.
__________I forget you as long as I live.
3） I had no sooner gone out than it began to rain.
_____________________ than it began to rain.
4） we can improve our English only in this way.
______________________ improve our English.
5）We have so much homework to do that we have no time to take a rest.
___________________we have to do that we have no time to take a rest.
Answer
1）Not until we lose health do
2）Never will
3）No sooner had I gone out
4）Only in this way can we
5）So much homework do
（2）用倒装句完成句子
1）只有用这种方法，你才能学好英语。
_______________ you learn English well.
2）她非常感激，向我点了点头。
_______________ she that she nodded to me.
3）灿烂的微笑不但使我们自己高兴，也会使他人感觉到愉悦。
____________________ make ourselves happy, but it also enables others to feel delighted.
4）直到那时，她才意识到她没有带钱。
_____________________that she had forgotten to take money with her.
Answer
1）Only in this way can
2）So grateful was
3）Not only can a beautiful smile
4）Not until then did she realize
（3）单句改错
1）At noon there were still no news.
2）Here is some picture-books for you.
3）If you don’t go there tomorrow, neither does Tom.
4）I didn’t see the film, and nor didn’t you.
5）I can’t swim and so can Kate.
6）He was unable to make much progress, hard although he tried.
7）Little does he realizes how important this meeting is.
8）So loudly he speak that even people in the next room could hear him.
Answer
1）were→ was 主语是no news，单数。
2）is→ are 主语是some picture-books,复数。
3）does→ will 主句用一般将来时。
4）didn’t→ did 因neither, nor本身就是否定的了，其后的助动词用肯定形式。
5）so→ neither 表示后者的情况同前者一样，前者是否定情况，后者用neither或nor。
6）although→ as /though 因although引导让步状语从句时，不能用倒装。
7）realizes→ realize 前面已有助动词did了，要用原形。
8）在he前加did 因so+ adj.位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。
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