宾语从句讲解_宾语从句用法详解
名词性从句在复合句中作谓语动词、 非谓语动词、 介词的宾语时被称为宾语从句。下面我就给大家带来宾语从句的基本用法详解，一起来看看吧。
一、定义
宾语从句就是一个句子的宾语部分是由另一个句子来充当。宾语从句需要用引导词来引导。学好宾语从句，必须过“三关”。即引导词关、语序关、时态关。
二、引导词关
引导宾语从句的引导词分为三类，即:
1)。That在从句中不充当任何成分，也无实义，只是起到连接的作用。
通常在say, think, wish , hope, see, believe, agree, expect, hear , feel等动词后加that，引导宾语从句。连词that在口语中常被省略。
如：He said that he was a student.
I thought that he was wrong.
☆注意：A) 引导宾语从句的that 常可以省略,但下列情况下不能省略。
(1)and连接两个或两个以上的宾语从句，除第一个从句中的that以外,后面从句中的 that不能省略。
如：I know (that) he is a good student and that he likes basketball.
(2)、that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。
如： I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.
(3)、主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语，that不可省略。
如：We decided, considering his age, that we would not let him do the job.
B) 常这样用的动词有find,feel,consider,make,believe 等。
如：He doesn’t want it to be known that he is going away.
C) think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, fancy,guess等表示主观看法或认识的动词,.
如：I don’t think he will come to my party.(而不能说成I think he won’t come to my party.) I don’t believe that he is a good student, is he? 我认为他不是个好学生，不是吗? I don’t think you are right.
I don’t believe that they have finished their work.
比较：she believes that I am not a good student.
2)常可以互换。
如：I don't know whether/if I should go to the party tomorrow.
注意：在以下情况中，只能用whether。
A) 在动词不定式之前只能用whether
如：I can’t decide whether to stay.
B) 在whether …… or not 的固定搭配中，只能用whether。
如：I want to know whether she is a student or not.
C) 在介词后，只能用whether。
如：His father is worried about whether he has lost his work .
3 A) 疑问代词包括what,who, whom, which,whose, whoever, whatever, whichever等.。 如： Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?
I don't know what they want.
John told me which girl he liked most..
I want to know whose father that old man is.
I will give you whatever you want.
You can meet whoever you want to see.
You can choose whichever you like.
B) 疑问副词包括when, where, how, why, whenever,wherever,however等。
如： Could you tell me how we can get to the station?
He told me when we should go to the airport.
I told him where he should go.
I don't know why he is so angry.
You can come whenever you are free.
You can go wherever you like.
4)另外：宾语从句可做动词宾语,介词宾语,及某些形容词甚至是副词的宾语. 例如：
1、He said that he was a student.(that从句是said的宾语)
2、宾语从句作介词的宾语，常常有两种情况：
A) wh-类的介词宾语从句
如：We are talking about where we should go.(疑问代词where从句作介词about的宾语) The teacher is quite satisfied with what you have done.(疑问代词what引导的宾语从句时介词with的宾语)
B)用that,whether引导的介词宾语从句
如：except,but,besides三个介词后常常可以见到that引导的宾语从句。 We are talking about whether we should go camping.
3、常常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有:sure, certain, glad, please, happy, sorry, afraid, satisfied, surprised。That常常可以省略。
如：I am sure (that) I will pass the exam.
Mary was pleased (that) she had passed the final exam.. (that引导的宾语从句是形容词pleased的宾语)
4、I will find out where he has gone(where引导的宾语从句作副词out的宾语).
三、语序关
如：1、Tom said. +He is reading a book.
→ Tom said that he was reading a book.
2、He asks me. +Are they playing a game?
→ He asks me if/whether they are playing a game.(宾语从句，陈述语序)
3、Where is the hospital? He told me.
→ He told me Where the Hospital was.
4、I don't know who he is
四、时态关
宾语从句的时态。
宾语从句的时态受主句的限制，既：
1
如： I think he is a clever boy.
I think he has gone to Beijing.
I think he bought the book yesterday.
则从句要用过去完成时态。
如：he said he was reading.
He said he would go to Beijing tomorrow.
He forgot whether he had locked the door.
对比理解下列几组句子：
例:1)She says that she is a student.
She said that she was a student.
2)She says that she will fly to Japan in a week.
She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.
3)She says that she has finished her homework already.
She said that she had finished her homework already.
4)She says that she can sing a song in English.
She said that she could sing a song in English.
3、当宾语从句叙述的是客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言警句、谚语等，不管主句是 什么时态，从句一律用一般现在时。
例： He told me that Japan is an island country.(客观事实)
