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DynamicAnalysis:CollarIntegrityandTowerStability7.1IntroductionThischaptersummarizest...
Dynamic Analysis: Collar Integrity and Tower
Stability
7.1 Introduction
This chapter summarizes two distinct nonlinear dynamic analyses used to model key
events in the collapse sequence.
The first of these is a non-linear dynamic finite element analysis of the impact on the 9th
floor collar assembly and presents the results from the analysis. Specifically, the model
simulates the impact of the 18th floor collar onto the 9th floor collar in the as-designed
configuration based on currently available information. The modeling was based on a
combination of drawings, on-site measurement of components and photographic
evidence.
In addition to the 9th floor collar impact analyses, a study into the post impact global
stability of the overall tower was undertaken. To assess this the model was analyzed for
an increased duration in order to establish whether the dynamic effects of the impact on
the crane and tower were enough to cause instability after the 9th floor collar connection
was destroyed
To facilitate analysis, material properties, loads and dimensions were input using metric
units. In the discussion which follows the input values using metric units are therefore
provided alongside the original data using English units.
7.2 Supplied Data
The input data included the following items:
1) The following drawings have been taken from ref [1] and ref [4], and can be found
in Appendix F:
a. Tower crane elevations and jump schedule (Figure F1.1)
b. Collar and tie-beam part plan and details (Figure F1.2)
c. Tie beam A, B & C Detail (Figure F1.3)
d. Dunnage beam shop drawing (Figure F1.4)
e. Crane truss (prototype) (Figure F1.6)
2) Drawing of 9th floor plan (Figure F1.5, Appendix F).
3) Photographs of the failed assembly pieces and of the connections to the building.
4) Sketches of the failed collar assembly pieces with notable measurements including
overall dimensions and thicknesses.
5) Tower crane engineer¡¯s submission (by Stroh Engineering), ref [1].
6) Prototype applications for M440-D Tower Crane, ref [2].
7) Operating, Maintenance and Parts Manual, ref [3].
8) Drawings for prototype application for M440-D tower crane, ref [4]. 展开
Stability
7.1 Introduction
This chapter summarizes two distinct nonlinear dynamic analyses used to model key
events in the collapse sequence.
The first of these is a non-linear dynamic finite element analysis of the impact on the 9th
floor collar assembly and presents the results from the analysis. Specifically, the model
simulates the impact of the 18th floor collar onto the 9th floor collar in the as-designed
configuration based on currently available information. The modeling was based on a
combination of drawings, on-site measurement of components and photographic
evidence.
In addition to the 9th floor collar impact analyses, a study into the post impact global
stability of the overall tower was undertaken. To assess this the model was analyzed for
an increased duration in order to establish whether the dynamic effects of the impact on
the crane and tower were enough to cause instability after the 9th floor collar connection
was destroyed
To facilitate analysis, material properties, loads and dimensions were input using metric
units. In the discussion which follows the input values using metric units are therefore
provided alongside the original data using English units.
7.2 Supplied Data
The input data included the following items:
1) The following drawings have been taken from ref [1] and ref [4], and can be found
in Appendix F:
a. Tower crane elevations and jump schedule (Figure F1.1)
b. Collar and tie-beam part plan and details (Figure F1.2)
c. Tie beam A, B & C Detail (Figure F1.3)
d. Dunnage beam shop drawing (Figure F1.4)
e. Crane truss (prototype) (Figure F1.6)
2) Drawing of 9th floor plan (Figure F1.5, Appendix F).
3) Photographs of the failed assembly pieces and of the connections to the building.
4) Sketches of the failed collar assembly pieces with notable measurements including
overall dimensions and thicknesses.
5) Tower crane engineer¡¯s submission (by Stroh Engineering), ref [1].
6) Prototype applications for M440-D Tower Crane, ref [2].
7) Operating, Maintenance and Parts Manual, ref [3].
8) Drawings for prototype application for M440-D tower crane, ref [4]. 展开
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