Question

小学英语肯定句变否定句

Answer 1

肯定句改否定句可大致分为三类：
1.有be动词或者情态动词的肯定句变否定句
2.没有be动词也没有情态动词，有实意动词(表示动作的动词)的肯定句变否定句
3.含有动词have/has的肯定句变否定句
以下对上述三种肯定句变否定句的变化规则依次讲解
1.有be动词或者情态动词的肯定句变否定句
转变方法：在be动词或情态动词后面直接加not
例1. I am a student. → Iam nota student.
例2. You are sad. → Youare not sad.
例3. I can swim. → Ican notswim.
例4. You will go to the park.
→ Youwill notgo to the park.
2.没有be动词也没有情态动词，有实意动词(表示动作的动词)的肯定句变否定句
转变方法：借助助动词（do, does, did）来帮助否定
①当句中的动词是原形时，加don't。
例1.I like English.
→ I do not like English.
例2.You have dinner.
→ You do not have dinner.
②当句中的动词是第三人称单数时，加doesn't ，再加动词原形。
例1. She likes singing.
→She doesn't like singing.
例2. She does her homework.
→ She does not do her homework.
③当句中的动词是过去式时，用didn't，加动词原形
例: We had a great time during our holidays.
→We did not have a great time during our holidays.
3. 动词have/has的特殊说明:
①当have表示“某人有什么的时候”，其否定形式为have not/has not
例: She has two books.
→ She has not two books.
②当have作为实意动词时，其否定形式为 do not have/does not have
例: You have dinner.
→You do not have dinner.
③当have在完成时中作为助动词时，其否定形式为have not/has not
例: I have seen this film.
→ I have not seen this film.
4. 一些特殊说明:
①肯定陈述句中的some/too，在否定陈述句中应改为any/either。
例1.He has some milk.
→ He hasn’t any milk.
例2. I have books. She has books,too.
→ I have not books. She has not books,either.
②肯定陈述句中若有and连接两个并列的成分，在否定陈述句中通常应改为or。
例: There are students and teachers in the classroom.
→There are not students or teachers in the classroom.
但以下几种状况，不需要改为or
A. 句子中出现两个否定词。
如: Men cannot live without air and water.
B. and列举的成份前都有否定词。
如: It has no eyes and no ears.
C. and列举的成份在否定词前面。
如: Tom and Merry can not write their names.
D. and构成的固定词组。
如: He did not work day and night.
E. and连接两个表示先后发生的动作。
如: Don't drink and drive.