Question

特殊句式之反义疑问句

Answer 1

1. 当 must 作“必须”讲时, 其反意疑问部分用 needn't;当含有 mustn't (不允许、禁止)时, 其反意疑问部分用 must/may。

You must go now, needn't you?

你现在必须走, 是吗?

You mustn't smoke here, must/may you?

你不可以在这里吸烟, 行吗?

2. 当 must/may/might 表示推测, 即 must 作“一定, 准是”讲, may/might 作“可能”讲时, 可首先将句子改为“I am sure/guess + that 从句”, 反意疑问部分的动词形式根据 be sure/guess 后的宾语从句的谓语动词形式确定。

You must/may/might be hungry now,____?

→I am sure/guess that you are hungry now, aren't you ?

→You must/may/might be hungry now, aren't you ?

你现在一定/可能饿了, 是吗?

You must have heard about it,____?

→I am sure/guess that you have heard about it, haven't you ?

→You must have heard about it, haven't you ?

你一定听说过这件事了, 是吗?

You must have watched that football match last night,____?

→I am sure/guess that you watched that football match last night, didn't you ?

→You must have watched that football match last night, didn't you ?

你昨晚一定看那场足球赛了, 是吗?(陈述部分有表示过去的时间状语 last night)

其反意疑问部分用 usedn't 或 didn't 均可。

You used to sleep with the windows open, usedn't/didn't you?

你过去经常开着窗户睡觉, 是吗?

其反意疑问部分用 oughtn't 或 shouldn't 均可。

He ought to attend the lecture, oughtn't/shouldn't he?

他应该去参加这个演讲, 是吗?

当陈述部分带有 seldom, hardly, scarcely, never, few, little, nothing, nobody 等否定词或半否定词时, 反意疑问部分的动词用肯定形式。

He could hardly walk without a stick, could he?

没有拐杖他几乎不能走路, 是吗?

Tom dislikes playing tennis, doesn't he?

汤姆不喜欢打网球, 是吗?

It's unfair , isn't it?那不公平, 是吗?

1. 当陈述部分带有宾语从句且主句主语为第二、三人称时, 反意疑问部分常和主句保持一致。

He said that he would come to my birthday party, didn't he ?

他说他要来参加我的生日聚会, 是吗?

2. 当陈述部分的主句谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose, guess, expect, imagine 等, 且主句主语为第一人称时, 反意疑问部分的主语和时态与宾语从句的主语和时态保持一致。注意否定的转移: 主句中的否定词实际上否定的是宾语从句。

I don't believe he will succeed, will he ?

我认为他不会成功, 会吗?

Tom doesn't believe Jane will succeed, does he ?

汤姆不相信简会成功, 对吗?

祈使句后的反意疑问部分不表示反意, 而表示一种语气。其结构为:

1. 否定祈使句, + will you?

2. 肯定祈使句, + will/won't you?

3. Let's..., + shall we?

4. Let us..., + will you?

Open the door, will/won't you ?打开门, 好吗?

Let's go out for a walk, shall we ?我们出去散步, 好吗?

Let us go home now, will you ?

现在, (您)让我们回家, 好吗?

1. 不管是陈述部分为否定, 还是反意疑问部分为否定, 回答时只按 所提到的事情的实际情况来确定 。如果事实是肯定的, 就用 yes 回答;事实是否定的, 就用 no 回答。如: 当对方问你 You aren't a teacher, are you? 或 You are a teacher, aren't you? 时, 你只要听懂 you 和 teacher 两个单词即可, 如果你是老师, 回答 Yes, I am. 否则, 回答 No, I am not.

2. 要么肯定到底, 要么否定到底, 不会出现类似于Yes, I don't. 或No, I do. 的形式。

| 陈述部分主语                                  | 反意疑问部分主语      | 例句                                      |

| ---------------------------------------- | -------------- | ---------------------------------------- |

| one(指人)                                  | one 或 he      | **One** can't be careful enough, can **he/one**? 一个人再小心也不为过, 是吗? |

| this, that或these, those                  | it 或 they      | **This** isn't a fast train, is **it**? 这不是一列快车, 对吗? |

| everything, anything, something, nothing | it            | **Nothing** happened to him, did **it**? 他没发生什么事, 是吗? |

| everyone, everybody, someone, somebody, no one, nobody, anyone, anybody | he 或 they(更常见) | **Nobody** likes to be laughed at, does **he**? 或 **Nobody** likes to be laughed at, do **they**? 没人愿意被嘲笑, 是吗? |

| 不定式、动名词、其他短语                            | it            | **Learning English well** takes us a lot of time, doesn't it? 学好英语花费我们很多时间, 对吗? |

| there be 句型                              | there          | There **will be** rain tomorrow, **won't there**? 明天有雨, 是吗? There **should be** no problem, **should there**? 应该没什么问题, 是吗? |

①—You haven't been here long, have you?

—No, I haven't. I am a newcomer here.

②Neither you nor I have done such silly things, have we?

③What a long time we've been waiting, isn't it?

④Mrs. Black doesn't believe her son is able to design a digital camera, does she?

⑤It must have rained last night, didn't it?

⑥John told you that there wasn't anyone in the room at that time, didn't he?

⑦John, you mop the floor, will/won't you?

⑧Let's have a break, shall we?

⑨Mr. Smith, let us have a break, will you?

⑩There is no doubt about it, is there?