怎么判断单词的词性

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少盐刮油c0
2022-10-11 · TA获得超过5513个赞
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  判断一个英语单词的词性可以通过其后缀的不同来进行判断。后缀不同词性也有所变化。

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  1.名词后缀

  (1)-or/er/ess/crat/cis:做某件事情或职业的人或物: worker, debtor

  (2)-acy,表示“性质,状态,境遇”democracy, accuracy, diplomacy

  (3)-ance, -ence表示“性质,状况,行为,过程,总量,程度”importance, diligence,difference, obedience

  (4)-ancy, -ency,表示“性质,状态,行为,过程”frequency, urgency, efficiency,

  (5)-bility,表示“劝作,性质,状态”possibility, flexibility, feasibility,

  (6)-dom,表示“等级,领域,状态”freedom, kingdom, wisdom

  (7)-hood,表示“资格,身份,年纪,状态”childhood, manhood, falschood

  (8)-ion, -sion,-tion, -ation, -ition表示”行为的过程,结果,状况“ action,solution, conclusion, destruction, expression, correction

  (9)-ism,表示“制度,主义,学说,信仰,行为“ socialism, criticism, colloquialism,heroism

  (10)-ity,表示“性质,状态,程度”purity, reality, ability, calamity

  (11)-ment,表示“行为,状态,过程,手段及其结果treatment, movement,judgment, punishment, argument

  (12)-ness,表示“性质,状态,程度”goodness, kindness, tiredness, fricndliness

  (13)-ship,表示”情况,性质,技巧,技能及身份,职业”hardship, membership,friendship

  (14)-th,表示“动作,性质,过程,状态”depth, wealth, truth, length, growth

  (15)-tude,表示“性质,状态,程度“ latitude,altitudo海拔)

  (16)-ure,表示“行为,结果”exposure, pressure, failure, procedur研续),

  (17)-grapy,表示....学写法”biograpby, calligraphy, geography

  (18)-iC, ics, 表示.....学....法“ logic, mechanics, electronics, linguistics

  (19)-ology,表示........论”biology, zoology, technology艺学)

  2.形容词后缀

  (1)带有“属性,倾向,相关”的含义-able, -ible, visible, flexible

  (2)名词-ish, foolish, bookish, selfis注意 accomplish, vanish)

  (3)-ive, active, sensitive, productive

  (4)-like, manlike, childlike

  (5)名词-ly, manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly

  (6)-some, troublesome, handsome

  (7)-ful, beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful

  (8)-ous, dangerous, gencrous, courageous, various

  (9)-ent, violent

  (10)-most, foremost, topmost

  (11)less,表示否定,countless, stainless, wireless

  3.动词后缀

  (1)-ize, ise, 表示“做成,变成,....化. “modernize, mechanize, democratize,

  organize

  (2)-en,表示“使成为,引起,使有”quicken, weaken, soften, harden

  (3)-fy,表示......化,使成”beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify

  (4)-ish,表示“使,”令 ”fidish, abolish, diminish, establish

  (5)-ate,表示“成为....处理,作用”separate, operate, indicate

  4.副词后缀

  (形容词)-ly: bad-badly坏地恶劣地,careful-carefully小心地

  -wise; clock-clockwise顺时针方向的(地);like -likewise同样地

  -wards: ou-outwards向外面地

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