Question

It's the answer that led those who have been told for so long ... 长句解析

请详细解析奥巴马获胜演讲中的这个长句，谢谢！ It's the answer that led those who have been told for so long by so many to be cynical, and fearful, and doubtful of what we can achieve to put their hands on the arc of history and bend it once more toward the hope of a better day. 请提供详细的语法分析和解释：）

Answer 1

句子主干是It's the answer that led those to put their hands on the arc of history and bend it once more toward the hope of a better day. 这是个强调结构。it is ...that中间强调the answer，去掉强调结构整句话就是the answer led those (people) to put their hands on the arc of history and bend it once more toward the hope of a better day. 是“这个答案”使那些人伸出手来把握历史，再次让它朝向更美好的明天的希望延伸。 哪些人呢？those后面一个who引导的定语从句来解释。for so long是“长久以来”，by so many是“被很多人”，后面的to be是接在told后面的，所以这个定语从句的结构就是who have been told to be cynical of what we can achieve长久以来很多人告诉前面提到的“那些人”要cynical, fearful, and doubtful怀疑、批判。怀疑什么批判什么呢？就是of后面说的what引导的宾语从句what we can achieve 我们所能达到的获得的成就。整个定语从句的意思就是长久以来那些人被告知要对我们所能获得的成就抱有cynical, fearful, and doubtful的态度。 从网上找到一个翻译，为了中文的理解方便它调整了语序。“长久以来，很多人一再受到告诫，要对我们所能取得的成绩极尽讽刺、担忧和怀疑之能事，但这个答案让这些人伸出手来把握历史，再次让它朝向美好明天的希望延伸。”