计算下面各题,能巧算的要用简便方法计算,并写出主要的计算过程.
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解题思路:(1)先算括号里面的减法,再算括号外面的除法,最后计算加法;
(2)先根据连减的简算计算括号里面的,再算括号外面的乘法;
(3)先通分,再计算;
(4)先算乘法,再算加法;
(5)先将式子变形为[1×3+1/1×3]+[3×5+1/3×5]+[5×7+1/5×7]+[7×9+1/7×9]+[9×11+1/9×11]+[11×13+1/11×13],再展开,抵消法即可求解.
(1)[7/10]+([4/5]-[1/4])÷2[3/4],
=[7/10]+[11/20]÷2[3/4],
=[7/10]+[1/5],
=[9/10];
(2)[[3/5]-([9/16]-[2/5])]×1[1/7],
=[[3/5]+[2/5]-[9/16]]×1[1/7],
=[1-[9/16]]×1[1/7],
=[7/16]×1[1/7],
=[1/2];
(3)[5/2093]-[2/3059]-[1/1729],
=[95/39767]-[26/39767]-[23/39767],
=[2/1729];
(4)7.5×23+19×[5/2],
=172.5+47.5,
=220;
(5)[2×2/1×3]+[4×4/3×5]+[6×6/5×7]+[8×8/7×9]+[10×10/9×11]+[12×12/11×13],
=[1×3+1/1×3]+[3×5+1/3×5]+[5×7+1/5×7]+[7×9+1/7×9]+[9×11+1/9×11]+[11×13+1/11×13],
=1+[1/1×3]+1+[1/3×5]+1+[1/5×7]+1+[1/7×9]+1+[1/9×11]+1+[1/11×13],
=6+[1/2]×2([1/1×3]+[1/3×5]+[1/5×7]+[1/7×9]+[1/9×11]+[1/11×13]),
=6+[1/2]×(1-[1/3]+[1/3]-[1/5]+[1/5]-[1/7]+[1/7]-[1/9]+[1/9]-[1/11]+[1/11]-[1/13]),
=6+[1/2]×(1-[1/13]),
=6+[1/2]×[12/13],
=6+[6/13],
=6[6/13].
点评:
本题考点: 分数的简便计算.
考点点评: 考查了分数的简便计算,运算定律与简便运算,灵活运用运算律可以简化计算.(5)运用抵消法可以简化计算.
(2)先根据连减的简算计算括号里面的,再算括号外面的乘法;
(3)先通分,再计算;
(4)先算乘法,再算加法;
(5)先将式子变形为[1×3+1/1×3]+[3×5+1/3×5]+[5×7+1/5×7]+[7×9+1/7×9]+[9×11+1/9×11]+[11×13+1/11×13],再展开,抵消法即可求解.
(1)[7/10]+([4/5]-[1/4])÷2[3/4],
=[7/10]+[11/20]÷2[3/4],
=[7/10]+[1/5],
=[9/10];
(2)[[3/5]-([9/16]-[2/5])]×1[1/7],
=[[3/5]+[2/5]-[9/16]]×1[1/7],
=[1-[9/16]]×1[1/7],
=[7/16]×1[1/7],
=[1/2];
(3)[5/2093]-[2/3059]-[1/1729],
=[95/39767]-[26/39767]-[23/39767],
=[2/1729];
(4)7.5×23+19×[5/2],
=172.5+47.5,
=220;
(5)[2×2/1×3]+[4×4/3×5]+[6×6/5×7]+[8×8/7×9]+[10×10/9×11]+[12×12/11×13],
=[1×3+1/1×3]+[3×5+1/3×5]+[5×7+1/5×7]+[7×9+1/7×9]+[9×11+1/9×11]+[11×13+1/11×13],
=1+[1/1×3]+1+[1/3×5]+1+[1/5×7]+1+[1/7×9]+1+[1/9×11]+1+[1/11×13],
=6+[1/2]×2([1/1×3]+[1/3×5]+[1/5×7]+[1/7×9]+[1/9×11]+[1/11×13]),
=6+[1/2]×(1-[1/3]+[1/3]-[1/5]+[1/5]-[1/7]+[1/7]-[1/9]+[1/9]-[1/11]+[1/11]-[1/13]),
=6+[1/2]×(1-[1/13]),
=6+[1/2]×[12/13],
=6+[6/13],
=6[6/13].
点评:
本题考点: 分数的简便计算.
考点点评: 考查了分数的简便计算,运算定律与简便运算,灵活运用运算律可以简化计算.(5)运用抵消法可以简化计算.
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