Question

求翻译，石油专业文章

Phase separation can also be induced by gas influx
into an oil field, stripping its soluble components
(gaswashing) and condensing liquid in a shallower
trap, leaving heavier oil behind. This process
is described by Krooss et al. (1991) as gas-liquid
geochromatography, whereas the effect of forming
extra heavy oil or solid bitumen residue (pyrobitumen
or tar mats) is described as gas deasphalting by
Blanc and Connan (1994). Evaporative fractionation
is hydrocarbon fractionation caused by a single
gas charge into an oil accumulation followed by
chemical equilibration with the oil and subsequent
migration and condensation of the vapor phase, leaving
behind residual oil depleted of light n-alkanes
and is more aromatic and less paraffinic than its related
condensate (Thompson, 1987, 1988; Meulbroek
et al., 1998). Reservoired hydrocarbons can further
be degraded into lighter oil and gas (and pyrobitumen
pyrobitumen
residue) by thermal cracking caused by additional
burial, whereas water washing and biodegradation
can both decrease the API gravity and GOR
of trapped oil. Other processes believed to form
solid bitumen (pyrobitumen) as a by-product in the
reservoir include thermochemical sulfate reduction
(Worden et al., 2000) and reactive polar precipitation
(Walters et al., 2006).
Predictive geochemistry through better quantification
of the various controls on hydrocarbon
quality and distribution will continue to be a challenge
for improved exploration and field development
(Peters and Fowler, 2002). Recognizing which
of the above processes were operative in the field
is important because they impact oil quality, field
development, and near-field exploration, and this
understanding can help predict end products in adjacent
traps. The task can be difficult and requires
both bulk and molecular analyses because these
processes and their effects are interrelated (Blanc
and Connan, 1994). This is especially the case in
challenging fields likeGhazal in SaudiArabiawhere
the Permian–Carboniferous Unayzah reservoirs
seem to be highly structured or compartmentalized
(Figure 1a, b). Furthermore, Unayzah reservoir
porosity and permeability are variable. Sandstones
are typically quartz rich with up to 98% of cement
as quartz overgrowthswith traces of early anhydrite
and calcite. The downdip oil discoveries in wells m,
s, and t along the southern end of the Ghazal field
(Figure 1b) have prompted rigorous studies to better
understand the geological-geochemical reasons
for the observed hydrocarbon distribution. Different
geological-geochemical processes result in different
vertical and lateral hydrocarbon distributions;
hence the importance of such an assessment
in minimizing risk associated with drilling additional
wells and optimizing field development。别谷歌翻译，翻译的我加分，谢谢各位大侠了

Answer 1

相分离技术也可以诱导涌入气体

进入一个油田,剥离其可溶的部件

(gaswashing)和冷凝液在浅的

陷阱,离开重质油在后面。这个过程

Krooss描述学组。(1991),气液

geochromatography,而形成的影响

额外的重油或固体沥青残余物(pyrobitumen

或焦油垫)被描述为气体deasphalting

布兰科和Connan(1994)。蒸发分离

造成的碳氢化合物分离是单身吗

气体费用是一个石油积累

化学equilibration及随后的油

移民、凝结蒸汽的阶段,离开

在光的枯竭n-alkanes剩馀油

少,更芳香的,比它的有关。石蜡

冷凝液(·汤普森,1987年,1988年,Meulbroek

苏达权等,1998)。Reservoired碳氢化合物能进一步

降解的石油和天然气的成更轻,pyrobitumen

pyrobitumen

残留)附带热裂解

君王同葬,而水清洗和变小

既能减少API重力和收到

被困的油。其他进程认为是形成

固体沥青pyrobitumen)的副产品

储层包括减少。硫酸,就是利用反应炉

苏达权等,但是(2000)和无功极地沉淀

(·沃尔特苏达权等,2006)。

通过更好的预测地球化学量化

碳氢化合物的各种控制

质量和分布将继续是一个挑战

为提高勘探领域的发展

(彼得斯与佛,2002年)。认识到这

上述过程进行手术在田地里的时候

是很重要的,因为他们影响,油品质量方面的工作

发展,近场探索,这一点

了解有助于预测在邻近的最终产品

陷阱。这项任务的困难,需要

两体积和分子分析因为这些

过程及其效果都是互相联系(悠长

和Connan,1994年)。这是尤其如此

具有挑战性的领域SaudiArabiawhere likeGhazal在

Permian-Carboniferous Unayzah储层的

似乎是高度结构化或者被划分

(图1a b)。此外,Unayzah水库

孔隙度和渗透率是可变的。砂岩

通常是石英丰富和98%的水泥

作为石英overgrowthswith硬石膏少量的早期

和方解石。石油的发现的downdip井米,

s,和电视沿着南部到整个Ghazal领域

(图磅)促使更好的严格的研究

了解geological-geochemical原因

对观测油气分布。不同

geological-geochemical过程导致不同

横向和纵向油气分布。

因此重要的这样的评估

在风险最小化钻井教程

井和优化领域的发展。

Answer 2

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