Question

请好心人帮我翻译一下这段文章好吗？我急用，谢谢大家！！

Knee-joint sprains:
After ankle-joint sprains, those of the knee rank second. For instance twisting injuries of the knee can lead to tears of its medial or lateral collateral ligamentous system. The medial side is preferred. Signs of more severe instability can be seen with the knee in full extension. Tears of the ,,intemal-knee-ligaments¡±, the so-called cruciate iigaments, lead to giving- way symptoms as well in extension as in 7O9O0 of knee-flexion. Diagnostics and treatment is similar to that what is said to ankle-joint sprains. The most important trend is, that conservative treatment, especially the application of tapes and special braces, can often substitute former-taken surgical procedures.
If a knee effusion, and especially haemarthrosis, is made evident as well by clinical investigations (dancing-patella-sign) as by follow-up puncture, arthroscopy should be performed early to investigate the full extend oftrauma (Table: ,jridications for knee - arthroscopy¡±).
Indications for knee - arthroscopy:
> Haemarthrosis
> Blockades
> Therapyrefractory Complaints
> Therapy of already known lesions
> Planning of further treatment
> Exploration of lesion¡¯s extend
> Extend of complex instabilities
> Some cases of Empyema
> Second look after arthroscopic surgery
copyright Prof. Dr. van Laack, Aachen, Germany

Especially accompanying lesions must be discovered and ITeated. Early suture of torn ligaments should be preferred. Sometimes augmentative surgical procedures are necessary. Today, ligamentoplasties should be a procedure of secondary operation, after perhaps some months to one year break, to test, how compensatqyy muscle strengthening can be performed effectively. It must be said again, that surgical reconstruction must not be better than conservative treatment, if there is a single ACL - rupture:
Patients treated conservatively should mostly wear braces or at least tapes during training and competition.
More knee-injuries in sports (Table: Common knee injuries)
Most of all knee-injuries, which occr during sports-activities, are soft-tissue damages. Damages of the collateral and cruciate ligaments are already mentioned.
Common knee - iniuries:
> Meniscus tears:
> flap tear
> longitudinal tear
> bucket-handle tear
> horizontal tear
> oblique and radial tears
> degenerative tears
> ligament ruptures inside the knee:
> anterior cruciate lig. (acl)
> posterior cruciate lig. (pcl)
> ligament rupture outside the knee:
> medial collateral lig
> lateral collateral lig
> Loose bodies, osteochondral frapmenj5
copyright Prof. Dr. van Laack, Aachen, Germany

Answer 1

膝-关节挫伤:
在脚踝-关节的扭伤之后，那膝的那些排列秒。 举例来说，膝的扭转受伤能导致它的中间或侧面并列的 ligamentous 系统的泪滴。 中间的边被偏爱。 比较严格不安定的告示能与完全的延长的膝一起见到。 泪滴那 ,,intemal-膝-结带?±,所谓的十字形的 iigaments, 带领到给- 方法症状当很好地之时在延长方面当做在膝-弯曲的 7 O9 O0 中。 诊断和治疗与类似什么被对脚踝-关节的扭伤说。最重要的趋势是, 那保守的治疗, 尤其音带的申请和特别的支柱, 能时常替换先前的-采取外科的程序。
如果一个膝流出物, 和尤其 haemarthrosis, 是显然了同样地藉着临床调查 (舞蹈-膝盖骨-告示) 很好地当做藉着后续破坏, arthroscopy 应该早被运行调查那全部扩充 oftrauma(桌子: ,jridications 为膝 -arthroscopy?±).
指示为膝 -arthroscopy:
> Haemarthrosis
> 阻塞
> Therapyrefractory 诉苦
> 已经已知损害的治疗
> 较进一步的治疗的计划
> 损害的探险?ˉ s 扩充
> 复杂不安定扩充
> 蓄脓症的一些情形
> arthroscopic 后的第二个神情手术
版权教授。 货车博士 Laack 、 Aachen, 德国

尤其陪伴损害一定被发现和 ITeated。 撕开的结带的早缝合应该被偏爱。 有时增加的外科程序是必需的。今天， ligamentoplasties 应该是一个中级操作的程序, 在也许数个月之后对一年休息, 测试, 如何 compensatqyy 加强的肌肉能有效地被运行。 它一定再被说, 外科的重建不能是比保守好的治疗, 如果有 ACL- 破裂:
保守地对待的病人应该大概穿着支柱或者至少在训练和竞争期间以带子绑起。
在运动中的较多的膝-受伤 (桌子: 常见的膝受伤)
所有膝的大部分-受伤, occr 在运动期间-活动,是软-薄的纱织品损害。 并列和十字形结带的损害已经被提到。
通常的膝 -iniuries:
> 新月形流泪:
> 拍打泪滴
> 纵观的泪滴
> 桶子-柄的泪滴
> 水平的泪滴
> 斜和光线的泪滴
> 退步的泪滴
> 结带使膝破裂进:
> 前面的十字形的 lig。 (acl)
> 在后的十字形的 lig。 (pcl)
> 结带破裂在膝之外:
> 中间的并列 lig
> 侧面的并列 lig
> 解放身体, osteochondral frapmenj 5
版权教授。 货车博士 Laack 、 Aachen,德国

Answer 2

膝盖联接扭伤: 在脚腕联接扭伤, 那些膝盖等级其次之后。例如扭转膝盖的伤害可能导致它的中间或侧向抵押ligamentous 系统泪花。中间边更喜欢。更加严厉的不稳定的标志能看与膝盖在充分的引伸。泪花, intemal 膝盖ligaments.., 所谓的cruciate iigaments, 导致给方式症状在引伸和在膝盖弯曲7O9.O0 。诊断和治疗是相似对什么是说的脚腕联接扭伤。最重要的趋向是, 那种保守的治疗, 特别是应用磁带并且特别括号, 可能经常替代前被采取的外科手术。如果膝盖流出, 和特别是haemarthrosis, 由临床调查(跳舞膑骨标志) 使显然和由后续刺, arthroscopy 应该及早执行调查充分延伸oftrauma (表: , jridications 为膝盖- arthroscopy..) 。征兆为膝盖- arthroscopy: Haemarthrosis 封锁Therapyrefractory 计划lesion..s 进一步治疗探险延伸已经知道的损害的怨言疗法蓄脓一些案件其次照看关节镜手术版权教授van Laack 博士的延伸复杂不稳定, 亚琛, 德国 特别是伴随损害必须被发现和ITeated 。被撕毁的韧带早期的缝合应该更喜欢。有时争论外科手术是必要的。今天, ligamentoplasties 应该是次要操作做法, 在或许不少月以后对一个年断裂, 测试, 怎么compensatqyy 肌肉加强可能有效地执行。它比保守的治疗必须再说, 那外科重建不能好, 如果有唯一ACL - 破裂: 患者保守地治疗应该主要佩带括号或至少磁带在训练和竞争期间。更多膝盖伤害在体育(表: 共同的膝伤) 最重要膝盖伤害, occr 在体育活动期间, 是软组织损伤。抵押和cruciate 韧带的损伤已经被提及。共同的膝盖- iniuries: 半月板泪花: 挡水板泪花纵向泪花桶处理泪花水平的泪花倾斜和辐形泪花退化泪花韧带破裂在膝盖里面: 先前cruciate lig. (acl) 后部cruciate lig. (pcl) 韧带破裂在膝盖之外: 中间抵押lig 侧向抵押lig 宽松身体, osteochondral frapmenj5 版权教授van Laack, 亚琛, 德国博士