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三、如何提高领导者的影响力综上所述,笔者认为,提高领导者影响力,应从以下几个方面着手:第一,合理、合法地运用组织赋予的权力。权力是领导的象征,拥有了权力就拥有了一定的影响... 三、如何提高领导者的影响力
综上所述,笔者认为,提高领导者影响力,应从以下几个方面着手:
第一,合理、合法地运用组织赋予的权力。权力是领导的象征,拥有了权力就拥有了一定的影响力。但领导者若不能做到为组织为大家的的共同利益使用权力,其权力影响力就建立不起来,其原有的权力影响力也会大打折扣。为此,领导者一定要做到:大公无私,自觉地为人民服务,为人民谋利益;奖罚分明,一视同仁,人人平等。
第二,注重修养,增强人格魅力。古人云:“己不正,焉能正人叩‘其身正,不令而行,其身不正,虽令不行。”很准确地说明了领导者人格的作用。在领导者非权力影响力形成的基础中,人格是第一位的因素。一个领导者只有具备了优秀的人格才能为下属所敬仰,为下级所尊敬。
第三,努力学习,丰富知识,提高能力。在现代社会中,管理者必须具备丰富的知识和高超的能力,否则就完不成管理任务。因此,作为领导者,必须努力学习,不断地吸取新知识,增长才干和能力,从而具备多谋善断的决策才能,知人善任的组织才能,运筹帷幢的指挥能力,顺应时代的创新能力,以及必要的应变能力等。只有这样,才能为下级所佩服、所信赖,才会相信其指挥的正确性,自觉地服从其领导。
第四,密切联系群众,与群众打成一片。一个人的权力再大,能力再强,如果高高在上,脱离群众,也会成为孤家寡人,得不到群众的支持和拥戴,这样就难以带动群众一起奋斗,难以形成强大的非权力影响力。要提高影响力,领导者必须重视群众,保持同群众的鱼水关系。
二、领导者影响力在行政管理中的作用
一个领导重,其影响力的大小对其实施领导职能,做好行政管理工作有着十分重要的影响。特别是非权力影响,直接决定着领导效能。因为,即使一个领导者拥有了职位和权力,形成了强制陛影力,下级不得不服从领导者的命令,但如果这个领导者缺乏必要的非权力影响力,人们不敬重他,不信任他,执行他的命令必然是勉强的,消极的,有时甚至可能是作对的。这种领导者就成了“有权无威”的领导者。
领导者能否建立起真正的权威,有效地进行领导,主要不在其权力的影响力,而决定于非权力影响力。领导者的职务和权力可以通过法定方式取得,但威望、威信却只能靠自己的努力建立起来。当一个领导者有了很高的非权力影响力,树立了很高的威望,下级对他真正地心悦诚服,他才可能做到令行禁止,其权力才能真正发挥作用,其行政管理效率也就必然是高的了。
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Third, how to enhance leader's influence in summary, the author believed that enhances the leader influence, should begin from the following several aspects:
First, reasonable, utilizes the authority legitimately which the organization entrusts with. The authority is the leadership symbol, had the authority to have certain influence. But if the leader cannot achieve for the organization for everybody the common interest use authority, its authority influence cannot establish, its original authority influence greatly will also sell at a discount. Therefore, the leader must achieve certainly: Unselfish, on own initiative serves for the people, seeks the benefit for the people; The award and penalty is distinct, treats impartially, all people being equal.
Second, pays great attention the training, the enhancement personality charm. Ancient cloud: “oneself is not positive, can the person knock on `his/her body to be positive, does not make, but the line, his/her body is not positive, although makes not good.”Explained the leader personality function very accurately. In the leader non-authority influence forms in the foundation, the personality is the first factor. A leader only then had the outstanding personality to be able to respect for the subordinate, for subordinate respected.
Third, studies diligently, the rich knowledge, sharpens ability. In the modern society, the superintendent must have the rich knowledge and the excellent ability, otherwise cannot complete the management task. Therefore, takes the leader, must study diligently, absorbs the new knowledge unceasingly, the growth talent and ability, thus has the resourceful and decisive policy-making ability, knows one's subordinates and assign them properly the organization ability, operates the valance command capability, complies with the time innovation ability, as well as essential strain capacity and so on. Only then like this, can for subordinate admire, trusts, only will then believe that its direction the accuracy, on own initiative will obey its leadership.
Fourth, maintains contact with the masses closely, becomes integrated with the populace. A person's authority is again big, ability is again strong, if keeps aloof, is separated from the populace, also will become the loner, will not be able to have populace's support and supports, with difficulty will like this lead the populace to struggle together, will form the formidable non-authority influence with difficulty. Must enhance the influence, the leader must take the populace, maintains with populace's fish water relations.
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