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ThechronologicalbriefoflandscapearchitectureeducationevolutioninChina:Alongtheconvent...
The chronological brief of landscape architecture education evolution in China: Along the conventional track
Gardening as craft: The Chinese tradition
As traditional crafts，both architecture and gardening were for a long time in China learnt by doing，master-handing-on-to-apprentice crafts．Gardeners and architects (builders) were kept as members of servant teams of noble families. Loyal architects，like Master Lei in the Qin Dynasty, designed both gardens and buildings，the garden being part of the building compound，or buildings as part of the garden，carefully arranged to create a scene．The master-apprentice way of learning-by-doing successfully kept alive the skills of making gardens and structures for thousands of years. The traditional skills and art of gardening including the making of rockeries，water features，plant arrangement and maintenance，garden buildings，such as pavilions，temples and tea houses，etc. The only text book was compiled in the Ming Dynasty by a gardener called Ji Cheng.
The birth of landscape architecture education within the modern education system
Following the establishment of a western education system in the late 1800s and early 1900s，horticulture and architecture studies began．In 1902，the first programme in architecture was drafted and issued at Peking University (established in 1898)，but not implemented due to the lack of architectural educators．It was not until 1923 that the first architectural education programme was established and offered by Suzhou Industrial School．As early as 1912，one of the earliest horticulture programmes (including ornamental horticulture) was established. Between 1949 and 1951，these two programmes，namely architecture and horticulture，merged and the first gardening programme came into being．
One can see how the gardening programme was influenced both by the location of Suzhou City (the garden city with most classical Chinese gardens)，and the fact that south China was the centre of applied sciences and technologies from the l920s until the l940s. In China since l949，the building of collective units of working and living made gardening a profession to green the exterior of buildings，therefore，it is understandable that from 1951 until the mid-1980s, horticulture was dominant in the gardening programme．
Since the gardening programme was established in 1951 in China，it has undergone many ups and downs，heavily biased away from modern landscape architecture education，due to the closed policies before the late 1970s，and heavily influenced by traditional Chinese garden heritage． 展开
Gardening as craft: The Chinese tradition
As traditional crafts，both architecture and gardening were for a long time in China learnt by doing，master-handing-on-to-apprentice crafts．Gardeners and architects (builders) were kept as members of servant teams of noble families. Loyal architects，like Master Lei in the Qin Dynasty, designed both gardens and buildings，the garden being part of the building compound，or buildings as part of the garden，carefully arranged to create a scene．The master-apprentice way of learning-by-doing successfully kept alive the skills of making gardens and structures for thousands of years. The traditional skills and art of gardening including the making of rockeries，water features，plant arrangement and maintenance，garden buildings，such as pavilions，temples and tea houses，etc. The only text book was compiled in the Ming Dynasty by a gardener called Ji Cheng.
The birth of landscape architecture education within the modern education system
Following the establishment of a western education system in the late 1800s and early 1900s，horticulture and architecture studies began．In 1902，the first programme in architecture was drafted and issued at Peking University (established in 1898)，but not implemented due to the lack of architectural educators．It was not until 1923 that the first architectural education programme was established and offered by Suzhou Industrial School．As early as 1912，one of the earliest horticulture programmes (including ornamental horticulture) was established. Between 1949 and 1951，these two programmes，namely architecture and horticulture，merged and the first gardening programme came into being．
One can see how the gardening programme was influenced both by the location of Suzhou City (the garden city with most classical Chinese gardens)，and the fact that south China was the centre of applied sciences and technologies from the l920s until the l940s. In China since l949，the building of collective units of working and living made gardening a profession to green the exterior of buildings，therefore，it is understandable that from 1951 until the mid-1980s, horticulture was dominant in the gardening programme．
Since the gardening programme was established in 1951 in China，it has undergone many ups and downs，heavily biased away from modern landscape architecture education，due to the closed policies before the late 1970s，and heavily influenced by traditional Chinese garden heritage． 展开
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按时间顺序写简短的景观建筑教育在中国发展:沿常规轨迹
园艺随着手工:中国的传统
像传统工艺,包括建筑和园艺长期在中国工艺品。园丁所学到的做,主交接上到学徒和建筑师(建设者)保持团队成员的仆人贵族。忠诚的建筑师,像主人垒,秦设计无论建筑,花园,花园被大楼的一部分化合物,或建筑的一部分,精心安排花园的主徒弟。创造一个边干边学的场景成功地活着的技能使花园和结构数千年之久。传统技术艺术的园艺包括索阅假山,水特征,装置布置和维护、园林建筑,如亭,庙宇和茶馆等。唯一的课本明代》由一个园丁称为霁程。
园林的诞生现代化教育体系内部的教育
证明建立了西方教育模式于19世纪末启用,并自20世纪初以来,园艺和建筑研究开始.在 1902年,第一个项目起草并于建筑成立于1898年,北京大学),但未被执行由于缺乏建筑教育工作者.直到1923年,第一个建筑教育计划提供的影响,建立了苏州工业学院l.早在1912年,最早的园艺计划(包括观赏园艺)成立的时候。1949年和1951年之间,这两种方案,即建筑、园林、合并,形成了第一个园艺节目应运而生。
人们可以看到在园艺既影响了节目的位置苏州市(花园城市与大多数中国古典园林),而事实上,中国南方的中心应用科学和技术直到本世纪l940s。l949以来在中国,构建集体单位的工作和生活使园艺职业绿色建筑的外观,因此,这是可以理解的,直到1951 中期-1980s、园艺是支配园艺计划。
自从园艺方案被建于1951年在中国,它经历了许多跌宕起伏,严重的偏见远离现代景观建筑教育,由于之前关闭政策自20世纪70年代后期,很大程度上受到了中国古典园林遗产。
园艺随着手工:中国的传统
像传统工艺,包括建筑和园艺长期在中国工艺品。园丁所学到的做,主交接上到学徒和建筑师(建设者)保持团队成员的仆人贵族。忠诚的建筑师,像主人垒,秦设计无论建筑,花园,花园被大楼的一部分化合物,或建筑的一部分,精心安排花园的主徒弟。创造一个边干边学的场景成功地活着的技能使花园和结构数千年之久。传统技术艺术的园艺包括索阅假山,水特征,装置布置和维护、园林建筑,如亭,庙宇和茶馆等。唯一的课本明代》由一个园丁称为霁程。
园林的诞生现代化教育体系内部的教育
证明建立了西方教育模式于19世纪末启用,并自20世纪初以来,园艺和建筑研究开始.在 1902年,第一个项目起草并于建筑成立于1898年,北京大学),但未被执行由于缺乏建筑教育工作者.直到1923年,第一个建筑教育计划提供的影响,建立了苏州工业学院l.早在1912年,最早的园艺计划(包括观赏园艺)成立的时候。1949年和1951年之间,这两种方案,即建筑、园林、合并,形成了第一个园艺节目应运而生。
人们可以看到在园艺既影响了节目的位置苏州市(花园城市与大多数中国古典园林),而事实上,中国南方的中心应用科学和技术直到本世纪l940s。l949以来在中国,构建集体单位的工作和生活使园艺职业绿色建筑的外观,因此,这是可以理解的,直到1951 中期-1980s、园艺是支配园艺计划。
自从园艺方案被建于1951年在中国,它经历了许多跌宕起伏,严重的偏见远离现代景观建筑教育,由于之前关闭政策自20世纪70年代后期,很大程度上受到了中国古典园林遗产。
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