Question

请高手帮忙指导一下非谓语动词的语法，不要复制的

一下面几个选择题为例帮忙解析一下，谢谢！
I hanve a lot of trouble_the car _this morning.
A,to get；started B.to get stating C.getting,started D.getting,starting

Finally the accused confessed to_the girl.
A.kill B.killing C.have killed D.having killed

_more time ,the scientists will be able to work out a good solution to the problem.
A.Given B.Giving C.To give D.Be given

_in Beijing for time than twety years,he knows the city very well.
A.Living B.Lived C.Having lived D.To live

Many of his novels are reported _into several foreign languages last year.
A.to be translated B.to translate C.being translate D.to heve deen translated

Answer 1

一下面几个选择题为例帮忙解析一下，谢谢！
I have a lot of trouble______the car _______this morning.
A,to get；started B.to get stating C.getting,started D.getting,starting
答：C。
分析： 1). have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth. 表示在做某事方面有困难，排除AB。
2). get sth. done 让某事被做， get the car started 让车发动起来，排除D。
翻译：今天上午我费了很大的劲才将车发动起来。

Finally the accused confessed to_______the girl.
A.kill B.killing C.have killed D.having killed
答 D。to在这里为介词，后跟动名词 排除AC。kill一事在confess之前已经发生，用动名词的完成式最佳。
翻译：最后被告终于承认杀了那女孩。（对杀死那女孩一事供认不讳。）
________more time ,the scientists will be able to work out a good solution to the problem.
A.Given B.Giving C.To give D.Be given
答：A。
逗号后没有and,是为主句，前面应用分词作状语，表示条件，排除CD。the scientists与give 之间是被动的关系，用过去分词。
翻译：如果再给一些时间的话，这些科学家将能更好地解决这个难题。
_______ in Beijing for more than twenty years,he knows the city very well.
A.Living B.Lived C.Having lived D.To live
答：C。
分析：he与live是主动关系，排除过去分词B。不定式D。表示目的，不合句意，舍去。已经住了二十多年了，用现在分词的完成式，作状语，表示原因、时间都说得通。
翻译：由于在北京住了二十多年，他对这个城市了如指掌。
在北京住了二十多年之后，。。。。。。

Many of his novels are reported ______ into several foreign languages last year.
A.to be translated B.to translate C.being translate D.to heve been translated
答：D
分析：sth. is reported to....，据报道。。。，排除C。
novels与translate之间是被动关系，排除B。
A表示将要，D表示已经完成。
翻译：据报道他有很多长篇小说已经在去年被翻译成多种外语。

Answer 2

c,hanve a lot of trouble(in)doing,get sth done
c, have done在 confessed 之前做，用完成体
a.the scientists 是被给
c
d
主动 被动
to do to be done（在谓语之后发生）
to have done to have been done(在谓语动作之前发生)
doing being done（跟谓语同时后之后发生）
having done have been done （在谓语之前发生）
done(及物动词被动，完成，不及物只表完成)

Answer 3

a,d,a,c,a