Question

高手帮忙翻译下,中翻英,谢谢~

英汉习语翻译的具体原则和方法:关于翻译标准，中外翻译理论家们提出了不同的主张。从严复的“信、达、雅”，傅雷的“重神似不重形似”，到张培基先生提出的“忠实通顺”；从瞿秋白的“等同概念”，到美国著名的翻译理论家Eugene Nida的“功能对等（functional equivalence）”或“动态对等（dynamic equivalence）”，我们可以看出，这些主张是相互影响、互为补充、不断完善的，虽然侧重点有所不同，但中心和结晶都是译文要忠实准确地表达原文的意义，保持原作的风格，忠实反映原作的面貌。所谓忠实表达原文的意义，应指忠实表达原文的字面意义、形象意义和隐含意义三个方面。但是，并不是原文的每句话、每个习语、词汇都同时具备三种意义，有的可能只有字面意义，没有形象意义；有的可能兼有字面意义和形象意义，但没有隐含意义。尤其是，任何两处语言文化都不可能完全对等，要把原文中的三种意义全部再现于译文常常是不可能的。如果字面意义或形象意义与隐含意义在翻译时由于文化的差异出现矛盾，字面意义或形象意义应当服从隐含意义。其次，原文的形象意义在目的语中可能会找不到对应意义或者没有相同的形象意义，或者虽然形象相同，隐含意义（包括褒贬意义）却冲突，这时首先要考虑的是形象的隐含意义的准确传达，可更换另一个译文诗刊熟悉的形象或得舍弃形象意义，只译出隐含意义。总之，隐含意义，也就是原文意欲表达的意义是最重要的。
在翻译的方法上，直译与意译一直是翻译理论界争论的焦点。我们通过对一些翻译理论及资料的学习与实践认为，直译与意译是相对的，两者之间相互联系，且没有绝对的界线。大到一部作品，小到一个句子的翻译都会兼有直译与意译。一件好的译作总是既有直译，又有意译，直译与意译相结合。我们认为，如果采用直译能准确传达原文多种意义的，就直译，如果不能译出原文的多种意义，特别是不能准确译出隐含意义的就采用意译。

Answer 1

英汉习语翻译的具体原则和方法:关于翻译标准，中外翻译理论家们提出了不同的主张。
Concrete principle and method of the English-to-Chinese Xi language translation:concerning translation standard, Chinese and Foreign translation the theoreticians put forward different assertion.

从严复的“信、达、雅”，傅雷的“重神似不重形似”，到张培基先生提出的“忠实通顺”；
From strict"letter, reach, friendship" reply, "heavy looking like not heavy likeness" of the Fu thunder, arrive "faithfully fluent" that Mr. Zhang Pei2 Ji put forward;

从瞿秋白的“等同概念”，到美国著名的翻译理论家Eugene Nida的“功能对等（functional equivalence）”或“动态对等（dynamic equivalence）”，我们可以看出，这些主张是相互影响、互为补充、不断完善的，虽然侧重点有所不同，但中心和结晶都是译文要忠实准确地表达原文的意义，保持原作的风格，忠实反映原作的面貌。
Autumn from the Ju white of"etc. together concept", arrive the Eugene Nida of the translation theoretician of American Zhao of"the function be on an equal footing(functional equivalence)" or"the dynamic state be on an equal footing(dynamic equivalence)", we can see, these assertions are with each other to influence, is complement mutually, continuously perfect, although lay particular emphasis on a point to have dissimilarity, center and crystallize all is translate a text to want faithfully accurately express original text of meaning, keep to make at first of style, the faithful reflection makes at first of feature.

所谓忠实表达原文的意义，应指忠实表达原文的字面意义、形象意义和隐含意义三个方面。
So-called faithfully express the meaning of original text, should point the typeface meaning, image meaning of faithful expression original text and implicit meaning is 3.

但是，并不是原文的每句话、每个习语、词汇都同时具备三种意义，有的可能只有字面意义，没有形象意义；
But, isn't each words, each Xi language, vocabularies of original text to have three kinds of meanings in the meantime, have of may only have typeface meaning, there is no image meaning;

有的可能兼有字面意义和形象意义，但没有隐含意义。
Have of may and there are typeface meaning and image meaning, but have no implicit meaning.

尤其是，任何两处语言文化都不可能完全对等，要把原文中的三种意义全部再现于译文常常是不可能的。
Particularly BE, any two language cultures are all impossibly completely on an equal footing, is reappear in all of three kinds of meanings in the original text translate a text usually impossible.

如果字面意义或形象意义与隐含意义在翻译时由于文化的差异出现矛盾，字面意义或形象意义应当服从隐含意义。
If typeface meaning or image meaning and implicit meaning appear antinomy, typeface meaning or image meaning and should obey implicit meaning because of the difference of culture while translate.

其次，原文的形象意义在目的语中可能会找不到对应意义或者没有相同的形象意义，或者虽然形象相同，隐含意义（包括褒贬意义）却冲突，这时首先要考虑的是形象的隐含意义的准确传达，可更换另一个译文诗刊熟悉的形象或得舍弃形象意义，只译出隐含意义。
Secondly, the image meaning of original text may can not find a rightness to perhaps have no same image meaning in response to the meaning in the purpose language, perhaps although image homology, implicit meaning(include praise or blame meaning) but conflict, at this time first want what to consider is the implicit meaning of image of accurate inform, can replace an another to translate text poem to publish familiar image or have to abandon image meaning, translates an implicit meaning.

总之，隐含意义，也就是原文意欲表达的意义是最重要的。
In fine, the implicit meaning is also the meaning that the original text intends for an expression is the most important.

Answer 2

English to Chinese custom language translation concrete principle and method: About the translation standard, the Chinese and foreign translated the theoreticians to propose the different position. Severely duplicate "the letter, reaches, elegantly", Fu Lei "is an excellent likeness again not seriously takes the form of", proposes "faithfully to Mr. Zhang Peiji is smooth"; "Equates the concept" from Qu Qiubai, "the function coordinated (functional equivalence)" or "dynamic is coordinated (dynamic equivalence) to American famous translation theoretician Eugene Nida", we may see, these positions are mutually affect, mutually for the supplement, unceasingly consummate, although the emphasis point has differently, but the center and the crystal all are the translation must be faithful accurately expresses the original text the significance, the maintenance original work style, faithfully reflects the original work the appearance. So-called faithfully expresses the original text the significance, should refer faithfully expresses the original text the wording significance, the vivid significance and the concealment significance three aspects. But, certainly is not original text each speech, each custom language, the glossary all simultaneously has three kind of significances, some possibly only has the wording significance, does not have the vivid significance; Some possibilities concurrently have the wording significance and the vivid significance, but does not have the concealed significance. Any two languages culture all not impossible completely to be in particular coordinated, must completely reappear the original text in three kind of significances to the translation frequently is not impossible. If wording significance or vivid significance and concealment significance in translation time because the cultural difference appears the contradiction, the wording significance or the vivid significance must obey the concealed significance. Next, the original text vivid significance possibly can not be able to find the corresponding significance in the goal language or not have the same vivid significance, or although the image is same, the concealed significance (including appraisal significance) actually conflicts, by now first had to consider was the vivid concealed significance accurate transmission, can transform another translation poem magazines familiar image or discarded the vivid significance, only translated the concealed significance. In brief, concealed significance, also is the significance which the original text cares for to express is most important. In the translation method, the literal translation and the transliteration always is translates the theory argument the focal point. We through believed to some translation theories and the material study and the practice that, the literal translation and the transliteration are relative, two between mutually relates, also not absolute demarcation line. As big as a work, as slightly can concurrently have the literal translation and the transliteration as a sentence translation. A good translated work always both has the literal translation, and has the transliteration, the literal translation and the transliteration unifies. We believed, if uses the literal translation to be able accurately to transmit the original text many kinds of significances, translates literally, if cannot translate the original text the many kinds of significances, specially cannot accurately translate the concealment significance to use the transliteration.

Answer 3

绝对权威！
Translation of Idioms specific principles and methods : standard on translation and foreign translation theorists have put forward different ideas. Yan Fu's "letter and elegance", Fu Lei's "heavy emphasis on realistic shape," Mr. Zhang Peiji of the "faithful ones"; Qu Qiubai from the "same concept," to the well-known American theoretician Eugene Nida translation of "functional equivalence (functional eq uivalence) "or" dynamic reciprocity (dynamic equivalence) " We can see that these ideas are mutually influence each other, constantly improved, although the focus is different. But the center and crystallization are asked to be faithful accurately convey the original meaning, and maintain the original style, faithfully reflect the original appearance. The so-called faithful to the original meaning of the expression, the expression refers to faithfully to the literal meaning of the original text, image significance and implications of three. However, not every word of the original text, each Idioms, phrases also have three significance, and some may only literal meaning no image significance; They may both literal meaning and significance of the image, but there is no hidden meaning. In particular, the language and culture of any two are not completely right. It is necessary to the original meaning all three Reproduction is often asked to impossible. If the literal meaning or significance of the image and implied meaning in the translation because of cultural differences lead to conflicts and literal meaning or significance should be subordinate to the image implied meaning. Secondly, the image of the original significance of the target language may not correspond no significance or meaning of the same image, Although the same image or implies significance (including condemnation significance) have conflicts, Then the first thing to consider is the image of the implied meaning of accurate information, Another change may be familiar with the poem : the image or the image of a discarded significance only translated implied meaning. In short, the implied meaning, is the original meaning of the expression of desire is the most important. In the translation method, the translation of translation theory has been the focus of debate. We pass on some information and translation theory and practice of learning that the translation of is relative. interlinkages between the two, there is no absolute line. To a large work of a small sentence will be both literal translation and free translation. Always a good translation of both literal translation of another, the translation of the other. We believe that if the word can accurately convey the meaning of the original variety, literal, If not translated many of the original meaning, especially not accurately translated implied significance on the use of English translation.

Answer 4

机器翻译

Answer 5

so long