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研究生教育发展的规模与水平是一个国家高等教育发展的重要标志,代表着一个国家培养高水平人才的能力,在很大程度上决定一个国家的科学发胀水平,自20世纪60年代以来,由于美苏争...
研究生教育发展的规模与水平是一个国家高等教育发展的重要标志,代表着一个国家培养高水平人才的能力,在很大程度上决定一个国家的科学发胀水平,自20世纪60年代以来,由于美苏争霸的需要的科学技术的进步,美国的研究生教育取得了很大的发展。根据美国联邦教育部的统计,1969年,全国共有本科专业在校生688.4万人,在校研究生93.5万人,1999年,全国共有本专科在校生1268.12万人,在校研究生180.68万人,30年间本专科在校生与研究生人数增加了84%,研究生在校人数增加了89.2%,后者的增长速度超过了前者,1999年全国在校本专科生与在校研究生的比例为7.02:1,1999-2000年度全国共授予副学士及学士学位998 339人,硕士及博士学位238 157人,二者比例为4.19 :1,在研究生学位中,硕士与博士之间的比例为6.97:1。
与美国一样,我国的研究生教育也包括硕士和博士两个阶段,但就其与本专科教育的比例关系来看,我国与美国之间有很大的差异。2003年我国高等教育本专科在校生为909.73万人,在校研究生30.12万人,二者之间的比例为30.2:1,是美国的五倍。在校研究生中,硕士研究生23.39万人,博士研究生6.73万人,二者之间的比例为3.84:1,大大高于美国。此外,在近几年的高等教育扩招中,研究生人数的速度低于本专科招生人数增加的速度。2000年全国招收研究生12.85万人,招收本专科生108.4万人,2002年招收研究生21.56万人,招收本专科生220.61万人,两年间研究生招生人数增长77.24%,本专科招生人数增长了103.5%。
纵观中美高等教育的层次结构的比较可以看出,两国存在明显的差异,我国高等教育中间大,两头小,尤其是研究生教育所占的比例过小。 展开
与美国一样,我国的研究生教育也包括硕士和博士两个阶段,但就其与本专科教育的比例关系来看,我国与美国之间有很大的差异。2003年我国高等教育本专科在校生为909.73万人,在校研究生30.12万人,二者之间的比例为30.2:1,是美国的五倍。在校研究生中,硕士研究生23.39万人,博士研究生6.73万人,二者之间的比例为3.84:1,大大高于美国。此外,在近几年的高等教育扩招中,研究生人数的速度低于本专科招生人数增加的速度。2000年全国招收研究生12.85万人,招收本专科生108.4万人,2002年招收研究生21.56万人,招收本专科生220.61万人,两年间研究生招生人数增长77.24%,本专科招生人数增长了103.5%。
纵观中美高等教育的层次结构的比较可以看出,两国存在明显的差异,我国高等教育中间大,两头小,尤其是研究生教育所占的比例过小。 展开
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The graduate student educates the development the scale and the level is a national higher education development important symbol, is representing a national raise high level talented person's ability, decided to a great extent a national the science swells the level, since 20th century 60's, because America and Soviet strive for hegemony the need science and technology progress, US's graduate student educated has obtained the very big development.According to the American federation Ministry of Education's statistics, in 1969, the nation altogether had the undergraduate course specialized enrolled students 6,884,000 people, in the school graduate student 935,000 people, in 1999, the nation altogether had this faculty enrolled students 12,681,200 people, in the school graduate student 1,806,800 people, during 30 years this faculty enrolled students and the graduate student population increased 84%, the graduate student increased 89.2% in the school population, the latter rate of rise has surpassed the former, in 1999 the nation with was 7.02:1,1999-2000 year nation altogether awards vice-bachelor and the bachelor's degree 998 339 people in the collated and corrected copy junior college student in the school graduate student's proportion, master and the doctorate 238 157 people, the two proportion was 4.19: 1, in the graduate student degree, between master and doctor's proportion is 6.97:1. Is same with US, our country's graduate student educates also includes master and doctor two stages, but looked on its and this specialist training proportional relationship, between our country and US has the very big difference.In 2003 our country higher education this faculty enrolled students were 9,097,300 people, in the school graduate student 301,200 people, between the two proportion was 30.2:1, was US's five times.In the school graduate student, master the graduate student 233,900 people, doctor the graduate student 67,300 people, between the two proportion is 3.84:1, is higher than US greatly.In addition, expands in recent years higher education incurs, the graduate student population speed is lower than the speed which this faculty recruitment of students population increases.In 2000 the nation recruited the graduate student 128,500 people, recruited this junior college student 1,084,000 people, in 2002 recruited the graduate student 215,600 people, recruited this junior college student 2,206,100 people, during two years the graduate student recruited students the population to grow 77.24%, this faculty recruitment of students population grew 103.5%. Looks over the Chinese and American higher education hierarchical structure comparison to be possible to see, both countries existence obvious difference, among our country higher education big, two small, in particular the graduate student educates the proportion which occupies excessively to be small
翻译的还可以吧 嘿嘿
翻译的还可以吧 嘿嘿
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