Question

C/C++编译问题，静态库，动态库。

现在在一个文件夹下面有动态库libtest.so, libalex.so, 有一个静态库libtest.a,我想编译main.c链接动态库libalex.so和静态库libalex.a，怎么做？
试过，不行的有：
1. g++ main.c -L./ -lalex -static -ltest (这样static是作用全局的，全用静态库)
2. g++ main.c -L./ -lalex -L./libtest.a (不行，找不到./libtest.a)
3. g++ main.c -L./ -Bdynamic -lalex -Bstatic -ltest (不行，全用动态库)
手误，我是想编译main.c链接动态库libalex.so和静态库libtest.a，请教！

Answer 1

的dll一起拷贝到别人电脑上去！

还有一些特别的情况，虽然是针对VC2005的，但是对VC6也有参考价值。
前面一些是我在网上找的，后面的有些是我自己现添加的，希望对你有帮助！

报错"由于应用程序配置不正确,应用程序未能启动.重新安装应用程序可能会纠正这个问题"

//------------------------------------------------------

这个问题主要出现在XP环境下运行由Visual C++2003/2005编译的MFC程序时
问题现象是XP运行此类程序时,报错"由于应用程序配置不正确,应用程序未能启动.重新安装应用程序可能会纠正这个问题"
这个问题似乎许多人遇见过.在CSDN和微软社区里面都有人提到.但是没有完整的解决方案
这个问题的解决一共会遇见2个子问题

最早出现这个错误我和许多人认为的一样
认为是缺乏DLL库文件导致.但是在测试机复制了DLL甚至安装了.net framework 2.0以后
都无法解决问题,最后确认不是由缺乏DLL所致
因为程序是纯win32的应用程,非托管代码,所以也无需.net framework

Visual C++2003/2005默认的MFC程序是使用动态MFC库(Use MFC in a Shared DLL)来链接的
而动态MFC库使用的是Multi-threaded DLL (/MD)
由于XP对于PE文件格式监测更加严格.
就会导致部分使用多线程DLL的可执行文件在调用的时候出错
修改项目属性的编译开关
Project->Property->configuration Properties->C/C++->Code Generation->Runtime Library
修改成Multi-threaded (/MT)
修改了Runtime类型以后
需要将MFC的编译类型也改成静态库
Project->Property->configuration Properties->General->Use of MFC
修改成Use MFC in a Static Library
一部分情况下在这步就能解决问题
另外一部分情况会遇见如下情况
编译器报错

CODE:
nafxcw.lib(afxmem.obj) : error LNK2005: "void * __cdecl operator new[](unsigned int)" (??_U@YAPAXI@Z) already defined in libcpmt.lib(newaop.obj)
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产生这个问题的原因是库依赖关系
在Project->Property->configuration Properties->Linker->Command Line
加入编译开关/verbose:lib可以显示详细的库链接顺序

CODE:

------ Build started: Project: PerfMonDemo, Configuration: Release Win32 ------
Linking...
Searching libraries
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\pdh.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\lib\DelayImp.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\lib\libcpmt.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\atlmfc\lib\nafxcw.lib:
nafxcw.lib(afxmem.obj) : error LNK2005: "void * __cdecl operator new[](unsigned int)" (??_U@YAPAXI@Z) already defined in libcpmt.lib(newaop.obj)
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\lib\libcmt.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\kernel32.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\user32.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\gdi32.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\msimg32.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\comdlg32.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\winspool.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\advapi32.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\shell32.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\comctl32.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\shlwapi.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\uuid.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\oledlg.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\ole32.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\oleaut32.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\urlmon.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\lib\OLDNAMES.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\atlmfc\lib\atls.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\ws2_32.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\mswsock.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\oleacc.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\pdh.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\lib\DelayImp.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\lib\libcpmt.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\atlmfc\lib\nafxcw.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\lib\libcmt.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\kernel32.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\user32.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\gdi32.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\msimg32.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\comdlg32.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\winspool.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\advapi32.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\shell32.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\comctl32.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\shlwapi.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\uuid.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\oledlg.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\ole32.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\oleaut32.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\urlmon.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\lib\OLDNAMES.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\atlmfc\lib\atls.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\ws2_32.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\mswsock.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\oleacc.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\pdh.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\lib\DelayImp.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\lib\libcpmt.lib:
Finished searching libraries
Searching libraries
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\pdh.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\lib\DelayImp.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\lib\libcpmt.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\atlmfc\lib\nafxcw.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\lib\libcmt.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\kernel32.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\user32.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\gdi32.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\msimg32.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\comdlg32.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\winspool.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\advapi32.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\shell32.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\comctl32.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\shlwapi.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\uuid.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\oledlg.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\ole32.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\oleaut32.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\urlmon.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\lib\OLDNAMES.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\atlmfc\lib\atls.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\ws2_32.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\mswsock.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\oleacc.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\PlatformSDK\lib\pdh.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\lib\DelayImp.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\lib\libcpmt.lib:
Searching d:\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\VC\atlmfc\lib\nafxcw.lib:
Finished searching libraries
.\Release/PerfMonDemo.exe : fatal error LNK1169: one or more multiply defined symbols found
Build log was saved at "file://d:\Dev\Performance Monitor\Release\BuildLog.htm"
PerfMonDemo - 2 error(s), 0 warning(s)
========== Build: 0 succeeded, 1 failed, 0 up-to-date, 0 skipped ==========

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我们发现在libcpmt.lib声明过的operator new在nafxcw.lib中再次定义
解决方法如下
Project->Property->configuration Properties->Linker->Input->Additional Dependencies
加入
nafxcw.lib
libcpmt.lib
Project->Property->configuration Properties->Linker->Input->Ignore Specific Library
加入
nafxcw.lib
libcpmt.lib
这样链接程序就不会先按照默认顺序来连接这两个库文件
而是在最后在加入对他们的引用.这样就避免了这个问题
下面是一张可能发生冲突的列表
若要使用此运行时库 请忽略这些库
单线程 (libc.lib) libcmt.lib、msvcrt.lib、libcd.lib、libcmtd.lib、msvcrtd.lib
多线程 (libcmt.lib) libc.lib、msvcrt.lib、libcd.lib、libcmtd.lib、msvcrtd.lib
使用 DLL 的多线程 (msvcrt.lib) libc.lib、libcmt.lib、libcd.lib、libcmtd.lib、msvcrtd.lib
调试单线程 (libcd.lib) libc.lib、libcmt.lib、msvcrt.lib、libcmtd.lib、msvcrtd.lib
调试多线程 (libcmtd.lib) libc.lib、libcmt.lib、msvcrt.lib、libcd.lib、msvcrtd.lib
使用 DLL 的调试多线程 (msvcrtd.lib) libc.lib、libcmt.lib、msvcrt.lib、libcd.lib、libcmtd.lib

//本人曾经对上面的方法进行测试，修改后可能出现XX无法解析的情况，请大家使用MSDN查找该函数，并且找到该函数对应的lib库文件。将其添加到附加依赖项或者是用#pragma comment(lib,"xxx.lib")将其添加到代码中！
另外,站长团上有产品团购,便宜有保证

Answer 2

g++ main.c -L. libalex.so -ltest

Answer 3

g++ main.c -L./ -lalex -ltest