Question

医学英语翻译

第一段：the thoracic cavity is contained by the chest wall and encasesthe lungs.A serous membrane called the pleura adheres firmly to the lungs. IT then folds over itself and attaches firmly to the chest wall. The pleural membrane covering the lungs is the visceral pleura;that lining the thoracic cavity is the parietal pleura.The area between the two pleurae is called the pleural space,or pleural cavity.Normally only a thin layer of fluid secreted by the pleura fills the pleural space.This lubricates the pleural surfaces,allowing the two layers to slide over each other without separating.Pressure in the pleural spcae is usually negative or subatmospheric(-4 to -10 mmhg)
第二段：Common properties of tumor cells
1.failure to respond to the regulatory signals responsible for maintaining normal growth and controlling tissue repair;
2.autonomous growth without an absolute requirement for exogenous growth signals;
3.invasive growth through normal tissue boundaries;
4.metastatic growth in distant organs following entry into blood and lymph channels;
5.monoclonal origin,although genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity may evelop as tumor mass increases;
6.differences in appearance and membrane antigenic display from nontransformed differentiated cells of the same tissue origin.
急用，下午就要啦，谢谢啦，不要那种在线翻译的不通顺的谢啦。

Answer 1

第二段

1.failure回应的监管信号负责维护正常的生长和控制组织修复;
2.autonomous没有绝对的需要成长外生性增长信号;
通过3.invasive生长正常组织边界;
4.癌细胞进入血液和淋巴渠道;
5.单克隆起源,虽然基因型和表型可能演变为肿瘤异质性增大;
6.differences膜抗原显示从是非相同的组织的分化细胞的起源。