Question

求专业人士帮我翻译这篇英文，我高分子材料专业的。无比感谢……

the inherent reactivity of radicals

At one time it was believed that one could assess the reactivity of radicals，and the converse order for monomers，by considering the change in stabilization energy for the following process：

According to this view，the most reactive monomer will yield the least reactive radical，and so on，because of their structural relationship. To some extent this view is supported by data which generally indicate that vinyl acetate is one of the least reactive of monomers while yielding one of the most reactive radicals，precisely the reverse being the case for styrene. Unfortunately, for substances of intermediate reactivity the situation is far less clear cut and it is here that one is forced to conclude that different factors prove dominant in determining reactivity in different reactions. With the more strongly polar transfer agents, such as CBr4 or FeCl3, the intrusion of polar factors is particularly strong and the concept of a unique order of reactivity cannot possibly be maintained.
A conclusive demonstration of the failure of the unique order of reactivity concept is afforded by an examination of the relative reactivity of polystyrene （S·） and polyacrylonitrile （AN·）radicals towards a variety of substrates across the polarity spectrum. The data in Table 3.1 indicate that, judged by the standard of transfer with ferric chloride, the S· radical is one hundred times as reactive as the AN· radical is five thousand times as reactive as the S·. In fact, one can obtain almost any apparent ratio of reactivities by suitable substrate selection so that bald statements that one radical is more reactive than another are seen to be without meaning.

Answer 1

自由基的内在反应

有一段时间，人们相信，人们可以评估自由基反应，并为单体逆序通过考虑在稳定能源下列程序的改变：

根据这种观点，最活性单体将产生最少的反应激进，等等，因为它们的结构关系。在一定程度上支持这一观点的数据表明，一般醋酸乙烯单体是至少在最高产反应自由基，而恰恰是相反的情况一对苯乙烯反应之一。不幸的是，中间活性物质的情况远非那么明显减少，这是在这里，一个是被迫作出结论，认为不同的因素在决定证明不同的反应活性占主导地位。随着更多的强极性转换剂，如CBr4或三氯化铁，入侵的极地因素尤其强烈和独特的反应秩序的概念不可能维持下去。
作者对故障反应的概念唯一的订单给予决定性的演示是由对聚苯乙烯（秒¨）和聚丙烯腈（安·）自由基朝着横跨各种基板的极性相对反应谱考试。表3.1的数据表明，由氯化铁传输标准来判断，而S·自由基是一样·自由基是一种五千只要秒¨功倍功百次。事实上，人们可以通过选择合适的衬底，使几乎所有的反应性明显比，一个激进的反应比别人更被认为是没有意义的秃头声明。

Answer 2

根据这种观点，最活性单体将产生最少的反应激进，等等，因为它们的结构关系。在一定程度上支持这一观点的数据表明，一般醋酸乙烯单体是至少在最高产反应自由基，而恰恰是相反的情况一对苯乙烯反应之一。不幸的是，中间活性物质的情况远非那么明显减少，这是在这里，一个是被迫作出结论，认为不同的因素在决定证明不同的反应活性占主导地位。随着更多的强极性转换剂，如CBr4或三氯化铁，入侵的极地因素尤其强烈和独特的反应秩序的概念不可能维持下去。
作者对故障反应的概念唯一的订单给予决定性的演示是由对聚苯乙烯（秒¨）和聚丙烯腈（安·）自由基朝着横跨各种基板的极性相对反应谱考试。表3.1的数据表明，由氯化铁传输标准来判断，而S·自由基是一样·自由基是一种五千只要秒¨功倍功百次。事实上，人们可以通过选择合适的衬底，使几乎所有的反应性明显比，一个激进的反应比别人更被认为是没有意义的秃头声明。