Question

翻译一段英文论文

英语学习者在阅读中存在的困难和解决方法
我国传统的外语教学是在自下而上模式的基础上建立起来的。受传统教学模式的束缚，我国英语学习重语法词汇等知识，轻语用能力的培养。使得学生“只见树木不见森林”。在阅读上更是重精读轻泛读，可以说阅读仅是为考试服务的。使众多外语学习者学习了很多年外语仍不能有效地读外文书，看外文报，而且在阅读中存在很多困难，总的来看包括以下几个方面：
1. 词汇量不足及对习语不了解
丰富的词汇量是提高阅读能力的前提条件。词汇量不够以致于阅读不能顺利进行，不能很好的理解句子也就更谈不上准确的理解文章了。因此有限的词汇极大的阻碍了有效阅读及对有效信息的获取。众所周知，习语是一个国家文化的凝结。它反映了一个国家人们的思考方式和生活方式。英语中的习语有着简明的结构，可能会有让人意想不到的意义。因此作为外国人如不深入研究很难明白那些灵活多变的习语的意思，因而也会影响阅读。对于单词和习语日常的积累无疑是极其重要的。对单词而言构词法的运用很重要。可以通过构词法来有规律的记住相关联的许多单词。而对于习语要运用善于发现新事物的眼睛平时多关注英美在不同语境中使用的习语而且要善于对习语进行归纳总结。其次，猜也是在处理新生词时的一种很实际有效的方式。这当中可以通过词所在的语境根据上下文来猜，也可以通过和它在文中临近出现的相关的同义词来猜词的具体意思。总之通过许多不同的途径都能获得对词句的理解。
2. 相关背景知识的匮乏
英语背景知识的匮乏是影响阅读能力的又一个重要因素。背景知识是由包括文化、艺术、风俗，宗教传统、传说等在内的包罗万象的知识构成。由于它涉及范围之广，因此很难做到面面俱到。但每个阅读又都是依附在一定的文化背景之下，因此文化背景知识在很大程度上决定学生对阅读信息的接受和文章的理解。对于这一点浏览杂志看新闻听讲座都是获得新的有关背景知识的有效方法。另外在信息技术高速发展的今天，网络资源也是获得知识很好的帮手。
3. 阅读技巧的缺乏
阅读技巧的缺乏主要包括两个方面：一方面是阅读速度太慢，另一方面是阅读量太小。很多英语学习者在阅读时一个词一个词地读，遇到生词就查词典，不查就很难读下去。这样就会造成阅读中断，从而影响对阅读的理解。另一方面把泛读变成了精读，阅读速度太慢，结果阅读量太小，极大的影响了阅读效率。对于这一问题应该通过掌握阅读学习技巧来提高。真正的把不同的阅读技巧使用在与其相匹配的文章中，从而实现阅读速度和效率的统一，有助于更好的阅读。

Answer 1

英语学习者在阅读中存在的困难和解决方法
Difficulties and Solutions in the reading for the English learners
我国传统的外语教学是在自下而上模式的基础上建立起来的。受传统教学模式的束缚，我国英语学习重语法词汇等知识，轻语用能力的培养。使得学生“只见树木不见森林”。在阅读上更是重精读轻泛读，可以说阅读仅是为考试服务的。使众多外语学习者学习了很多年外语仍不能有效地读外文书，看外文报，而且在阅读中存在很多困难，总的来看包括以下几个方面：
In China the traditional foreign language teaching is set up based on the mode of from bottom to top. Tied by the traditional teaching mode the English learning attaches importance to grammar and vocabulary and pays less attention to the development of utilizing language. In this teaching mode students can’t see the wood for the trees. In the reading intensive reading is put more emphasis than extensive reading. In another words reading is just for the examination. Many foreign language learners can’t effectively read foreign books, foreign newspapers and still have difficulties in reading though they all learn English for many years. On the whole the following aspects are included:
1. 词汇量不足及对习语不了解
The shortage of vocabulary and lacks of understanding of idioms
丰富的词汇量是提高阅读能力的前提条件。词汇量不够以致于阅读不能顺利进行，不能很好的理解句子也就更谈不上准确的理解文章了。因此有限的词汇极大的阻碍了有效阅读及对有效信息的获取。众所周知，习语是一个国家文化的凝结。它反映了一个国家人们的思考方式和生活方式。英语中的习语有着简明的结构，可能会有让人意想不到的意义。因此作为外国人如不深入研究很难明白那些灵活多变的习语的意思，因而也会影响阅读。对于单词和习语日常的积累无疑是极其重要的。对单词而言构词法的运用很重要。可以通过构词法来有规律的记住相关联的许多单词。而对于习语要运用善于发现新事物的眼睛平时多关注英美在不同语境中使用的习语而且要善于对习语进行归纳总结。其次，猜也是在处理新生词时的一种很实际有效的方式。这当中可以通过词所在的语境根据上下文来猜，也可以通过和它在文中临近出现的相关的同义词来猜词的具体意思。总之通过许多不同的途径都能获得对词句的理解。
Abundant vocabulary is the precondition for enhancing the reading ability. The shortage of vocabulary causes the unprosperous reading and makes learners can’t understand sentences, let alone the exact understanding of the whole article. Therefore, limited vocabulary blocks the effective reading and acquirement for the effective reading to a large extent. As is well-known idioms in the English have simple and clear structure and may have some unexpected meanings. As foreigners if we don’t deeply study the idioms it’s hard to understand the flexible meanings of idioms, which will impact the reading. Undoubtedly it’s very important to accumulate the words and idioms daily. Similarly for the words it’s important to apply the word-formation. Students can remember the relevant words regularly by word-formation. For the idioms students should use their eyes which are good at finding the new things to pay more attention to those idioms used in the different contexts. Besides, students should be good at concluding and summarizing the idioms. Secondly, “guess” is an effective way to deal with the new words. Students can guess the meaning of new words according to the contexts or they can guess the meaning by the related synonyms that appear in the text close to the new word. In a word, students can get the understanding of words and phrases by different ways.
2. 相关背景知识的匮乏
Shortage of related background knowledge.
英语背景知识的匮乏是影响阅读能力的又一个重要因素。背景知识是由包括文化、艺术、风俗，宗教传统、传说等在内的包罗万象的知识构成。由于它涉及范围之广，因此很难做到面面俱到。但每个阅读又都是依附在一定的文化背景之下，因此文化背景知识在很大程度上决定学生对阅读信息的接受和文章的理解。对于这一点浏览杂志看新闻听讲座都是获得新的有关背景知识的有效方法。另外在信息技术高速发展的今天，网络资源也是获得知识很好的帮手。
Shortage of related background knowledge is another key factor of influencing the reading ability. The background knowledge is made up of coverall knowledge such as culture, arts, custom, religious tradition, and legend and so on. Due to its wide extent it’s difficult to reach every aspect of the matter. The every reading attaches itself to the some culture background. So the culture background knowledge determines the students’ acquirement of reading information and understanding of text to a large extent. For this point scanning the magazines, watching the news and listening the lectures are effective ways of obtaining the background knowledge. Besides, with the rapid development of information technology at present net resource is good helper for obtaining the knowledge.
3. 阅读技巧的缺乏
Lacks of reading technique
阅读技巧的缺乏主要包括两个方面：一方面是阅读速度太慢，另一方面是阅读量太小。很多英语学习者在阅读时一个词一个词地读，遇到生词就查词典，不查就很难读下去。这样就会造成阅读中断，从而影响对阅读的理解。另一方面把泛读变成了精读，阅读速度太慢，结果阅读量太小，极大的影响了阅读效率。对于这一问题应该通过掌握阅读学习技巧来提高。真正的把不同的阅读技巧使用在与其相匹配的文章中，从而实现阅读速度和效率的统一，有助于更好的阅读。
Lacks of reading technique mainly includes two aspects: one is low reading speed, the other is small reading quantity. Many English learners read the text word by word when they read. They will consult the dictionary when a new word appears, or they hardly go on. This way will interrupt the reading and impact the understanding of reading. On the other hand this reading way changes the extensive reading to intensive reading. Low reading speed causes the small reading quantity, which hugely impacts the reading efficiency. Students should solve the problem by mastering the reading technique. Applying the different reading techniques in the different texts can realize the intergration of reading speed and reading efficiency, which will be helpful for better reading

Answer 2

这个是最好的答案了
English learners in reading difficulties and solutions to China's traditional foreign language teaching is based on bottom-up model built. Bound by the traditional teaching model, re-learning of English grammar and vocabulary knowledge, light pragmatic ability. Makes the students "saw wood for the trees." Is even more important in the intensive reading light, extensive reading, it can be said to read only for exams services. So that many foreign language learners learn a foreign language for many years remained outside the instrument can not effectively read, watch foreign language newspaper, and there are many difficulties in reading on the whole, including the following: 1. Vocabulary and the idiom is not less than understand a rich vocabulary is a prerequisite to improve reading ability. Enough vocabulary so that reading can not proceed smoothly, the sentence will not be well understood, let alone an accurate understanding of the article. Therefore greatly limited vocabulary hindered effective reading and effective access to information. As we all know, is a national cultural idioms of condensation. It reflects the way people think of a country and way of life. English idiom has a simple structure, there may be unexpected significance. So as a foreigner is difficult, if not in-depth study to understand the idiom that means flexible, and thus also affect the reading. For the accumulation of everyday words and idioms is undoubtedly extremely important. Word formation in terms of the use of the word is very important. Through word-building rules to keep in mind there are many words associated. As for the use of idioms to be good at discovering new things more than usual attention to the eyes of British and American in different contexts and idioms used to be good at is summarized on the idiom. Second, the guess is when dealing with new words a very practical and effective way. This is the word which by the context in which to guess based on context, and it can also appear in the text associated with near synonyms to guess the specific meaning of the word. In short in many different ways to have access to the words of understanding. 2. The lack of background knowledge, lack of background knowledge of English reading ability is the impact of another important factor. Background knowledge is a cultural, arts, customs, religious traditions, legends, etc., all-encompassing knowledge of composition. Because of its breadth of scope, it is difficult to do everything. But both are attached to each reading in a certain cultural background, cultural background knowledge therefore largely determine the acceptance of students to read the information and understanding of the article. This point through a magazine to read news lectures are to gain new knowledge about the background effective way. Also in today's rapid development of information technology, network resources, access to knowledge is a good helper. 3. The lack of reading skills including the lack of reading skills are two aspects: one is reading too slow, the other is the amount too small to read. Many English learners in reading a word to read a word, encounter a new word to the dictionary, do not search hard to read. This will cause disruption to read, which affect reading comprehension. On the other hand the extensive reading into intensive reading, reading speed is too slow, the results of the amount is too small to read, a great impact on the reading efficiency. For this problem should be adopted to improve the learning skills to master reading. The real use of different reading skills and their match in the article, in order to achieve the unity of reading speed and efficiency, helping to better reading.

Answer 3

Reading English learners in the difficulties and the solving methods
Our traditional language teaching is the basis of in bottom-up model built. Influenced by traditional teaching mode in the bondage of learning English grammar, vocabulary knowledge, heavy light pragmatic ability. Make students "the forest for the trees." Reading is heavy intensive reading light reading, can say reading are only for the testing service. Make many foreign language learners to learn foreign language still cannot effectively for many years, see foreign papers read percentage of foreign books, and there are many difficulties in reading, overall includes the following aspects:
1. The vocabulary of idioms deficiency and not understanding
Rich vocabulary is the premise condition improve your reading ability. The vocabulary enough that reading cannot go smoothly, not very good understanding sentence is much less accurate understanding articles. So limited vocabulary greatly hindered effective reading and effective information acquisition. As is known to all, idioms is a national culture of condensate. It reflects a country the way people think and way of life. English is concise structure of idioms, may have unexpected significance. Therefore as foreigners if not in-depth study hard to understand those flexible idioms mean, thus will also affect reading. For words and idioms daily accumulation undoubtedly is extremely important. For the use of word-formation in words are very important. Can through to regular remember morphology of many words associated. And for idioms to use good at discovering new things eyes peacetime pay more attention in different contexts Anglo-American use idioms and be good at of idioms are summarized. Secondly, guess is the new words in dealing with when a very practical efficient approach. This is among the context by words according to the context to guess, also can pass in this paper and it appeared synonymous with the related near the specific meaning to guess the word. Anyhow through many different ways can obtain the understanding of words.
2. The lack of relevant background knowledge
The lack of background knowledge of English reading ability is the effect of another important factor. Background knowledge is composed of culture, art, customs, religious traditions, legends, all-embracing knowledge construction. Since it involves broad scope, so it is difficult to accomplish all parties. But each reading and are dependent on certain cultural context, so the cultural background knowledge in largely decided to accept students reading information and the text. To see the news at this point to browse through magazines lecture are to obtain new information about the background knowledge effective methods. Also at the rapid development of information technology, network resources is today get knowledge very good helper.
3. The lack of reading skills
The lack of reading skill mainly includes two aspects: one is reading speed too slow, on the other hand is reading quantity is too small. Many English learners to read a word one word is read, met new words, don't check the dictionary is hard to read on. So will result in reading interrupt, thus affecting the understanding of reading. 1_06e7a5d4a3c6ff4a7d1d4709705451cf.ding into intensive reading, reading speed too slow, results reading quantity is too small, has greatly affected the reading efficiency. For this problem should read through mastery of learning techniques to improve. The real different reading skills used in its matching article, so as to realize the reading speed and efficiency unification, help better reading.