英语高手进来翻译一下 不要用软件翻译 谢谢！ 5
SUBJECTSANDPROBLEMEveryactiveparticipantinsport,eitherasacompetitor,ajudgeoraspectato...
SUBJECTS AND PROBLEM
Every active participant in sport, either as a competitor, a judge or a spectator is faced with evaluation problems. Much has been said and written about bias in sports officiating. Sports writers frequently quote coaches and athletes regarding their dissatisfaction with the way a contest was officiated or judged. One only needs to read the sports section of a newspaper to find examples of such dissatisfaction with sports officials. Those problems often occur in individual sports of aesthetic characteristics, Rhythmic Gymnastics included. The competitors rank determining by means of a subjective estimate
may always cause the doubt whether a competitor has been improper scored or not.The aim of the study The basic aim of this study is the evaluation of judging objectivity in Rhythmic gymnastics at Sydney-2000 Olympic Games, held in Australia. As in these sport events rhythmic gymnasts are differentiated by points, scored of the sport judges, the question is whether the judges are able to estimate the performance quality of gymnasts objectively, precisely, and consistently. A particular purpose of this study was to determine whether or not rhythmic gymnastics judges showed a pattern of bias at the highest international level of competition (Sydney 2000 Olympic Games).
Two kinds of bias patterns were of interest:
a) Bias in favor of the rhythmic gymnasts from judges' own countries;
b) Bias against rhythmic gymnasts from countries in close competition.
请大家不要用软件翻译，谢谢！ 展开
Every active participant in sport, either as a competitor, a judge or a spectator is faced with evaluation problems. Much has been said and written about bias in sports officiating. Sports writers frequently quote coaches and athletes regarding their dissatisfaction with the way a contest was officiated or judged. One only needs to read the sports section of a newspaper to find examples of such dissatisfaction with sports officials. Those problems often occur in individual sports of aesthetic characteristics, Rhythmic Gymnastics included. The competitors rank determining by means of a subjective estimate
may always cause the doubt whether a competitor has been improper scored or not.The aim of the study The basic aim of this study is the evaluation of judging objectivity in Rhythmic gymnastics at Sydney-2000 Olympic Games, held in Australia. As in these sport events rhythmic gymnasts are differentiated by points, scored of the sport judges, the question is whether the judges are able to estimate the performance quality of gymnasts objectively, precisely, and consistently. A particular purpose of this study was to determine whether or not rhythmic gymnastics judges showed a pattern of bias at the highest international level of competition (Sydney 2000 Olympic Games).
Two kinds of bias patterns were of interest:
a) Bias in favor of the rhythmic gymnasts from judges' own countries;
b) Bias against rhythmic gymnasts from countries in close competition.
请大家不要用软件翻译，谢谢！ 展开
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科目和每一个问题,积极参与体育活动,无论是作为竞争对手, 法官还是一个旁观者,面临着评估的问题. 已经说了很多写的偏见体育主持. 体育作家经常引用的教练和运动员,对于自己的方式表示不满比赛主持或评判. 人们只需看体育版的报纸上找到一个例子,这种不满的体育官员. 这些问题经常发生在个别体育审美特征,艺术体操列入. 选手的排名确定用一个主观估计可能总是引起怀疑竞争者已 不正当得分或86.57%研究的目的基本此项研究的目的是评价客观判断 艺术体操在悉尼2000年奥运会,在澳大利亚举行. 因为在这些体育活动艺术体操运动员是有区别的观点,取得了运动法官 问题在于法官都能够估计性能质量体操运动员客观准确,始终不渝. 某本研究的目的是确定是否体操法官呈现出偏见 在国际上最高水平的比赛(2000年奥运会). 两种偏见型态的利益: a)偏见青睐的艺术体操运动员,由法官自己的国家; b)偏见艺术体操运动员从各国密切比赛
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