Question

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四合院由四面房屋包围而成，中间为院子，下雨时由于四合院屋顶的设计，水会集中到院落中。在中央甬道会有集水槽，或者是暗渠，连接到东南角，进入四合院外地城建暗渠或明渠。由于四合院的地势在总体安排上往往是西北高，东南低，水自西北向东南流。这样一来，东南角的排水作用就凸现出来。
液态水在蒸发的过程中可对空气起到降温的作用。北京四合院民居建筑的外围护结构多为砖、砖土混合构成墙体，这些都是吸水性好的材料。在雨后，落在围护结构外表面的液态水一部分流失，一部分在表面蒸发，可降低外围护结构外表面的温度; 还有一部分渗透到外围护结构内部被储存起来。在雨后，由于围护结构外表面处存在液态水，其水蒸汽压力大于周围的室外空气的压力，在外表面仍然存在蒸发，伴随这表面蒸发，储存在围护结构内部的液态水向外表面渗透，使得表面的蒸发过程在雨后一段时间内得以持续。而蒸发过程中吸收热量，降低围护结构和周围的空气温度，从而对民居建筑起到降温作用。

Answer 1

Siheyun all a house surrounded by, among the yard, when it rains, the design of the roof because siheyuan courtyard on water. In the central tunnel will have set the sink, or dark canal, connected to the corner and into the courtyard outside the city building dark canal or open channels. Because of relief in the overall arrangement for courtyard on northwest, is often high, low water southeast from northwest to southeast flow. In this way, the southeast corner of the drainage effect will show.
In the process of liquid water evaporation to play the role of air cooling. Beijing siheyun residence building periphery the structure for brick, brick wall, the soil consists of a mix is good water imbibition materials. After rain falls on palisade structure, the appearance of liquid water loss, and part of the surface evaporation in, can decrease the outer surface temperature outer structure; And part of the internal structure through to the periphery is stored up. After the rain, because the palisade structure in place on the surface of the existing liquid water, steam pressure is greater than the surrounding outdoor air pressure, on the surface, there are still with the evaporation surface evaporation, stored in retaining structure of liquid water on the surface of the internal to penetrate, making the surface evaporation process in a period of time after the rain continues. And in the process of evaporation heat absorption, reduce the palisade structure and the surrounding air temperature, and a cooling effect of residential architecture.

Answer 2

Surrounded by a courtyard surrounded by houses from the middle of the yard, when it rains because the roof of the courtyard design, the water will concentrate in the courtyard. Tank will be set in the central corridor, or culverts, connecting to the southeast corner, into the courtyard outside Urban culvert or open channel. As the courtyard of the terrain is often on the overall arrangements for the northwest to southeast, the water from the northwest to Nanliu. As a result, the role of the southeast corner of the drainage stand out.
Liquid water in the evaporation process can be a cooling effect on the air. Beijing residential courtyard building external structure, mostly brick, brick wall of a mix of soil, these are absorbent materials. In the rain, falls outside the envelope surface of the liquid part of the loss of part of the surface evaporation, can reduce the external structure of the outer surface temperature; and partly penetrate into the external structure is internally stored. In the rain, the outer envelope surface of liquid water, the water vapor pressure than the surrounding outdoor air pressure, the outer surface of the evaporation still, with this surface evaporation, stored in the envelope structure of liquid water out penetrate the surface, making the surface of the evaporation process to continue for some time after the rain. The evaporation process absorbs heat, reducing the envelope and the surrounding air temperature, and thus a cooling effect on the residential building.