Question

There is no one but为什么不加to

There is no one but longs to go to college.
没有人不渴望上大学。

为什么but后面不加to？
我记得：There is no choice but to……
老师的口诀，前面是名词，比如 choice ，but后面要加to。动词就不要加。当初学过choose的几个句型，现在忘记了，谁能帮我回忆一下？

Answer 1

我想是因为no one 和 ,longs to 构成了主谓关系，即no one 后面可以直接接long to.这时候就可以省略to,如果构不成主谓关系就得加to

Answer 2

这句话相当于说：There is not one who does not long to go to college.
这里的but是关系代词，相当于that/who does not

Answer 3

这个和but后面接不接to 没关系
long to do sth.渴望做什么

追问

有关系啊，我觉得：There is no one but to longs to go to college.
你们应该纠正我才对。。。

追答

看错了，应该是这样的。
no one but+ 动词 可以看做一个固定用法，表示“没有人不...”，或者“大家都...”的意思。
　　e.g: 1.No one but wants to make a pile. 没有人不想发财.
　　 2. There's no one but hopes to be rich. 同上
　　 3.There is no one but is concerned about his future.
　　 沒有人不关心自己的未来
　　 4.No one but loves beauty. 没有人不爱美。
　　 即： 爱美之心人皆有之
　　no one but 后面也可以加名词，如：
　　 1. No one but he can do something dirty like this。
　　 2. No one but a fool would accept a challenge like that.
　　所以 There is no one but longs to go to college.没有人不想上大学。 即;大家都想上大学。

Answer 4

There is no one but longs to go to college.
没有人不渴望上大学。
题中but longs to go to college是定语从句，but可看作具有否定意义的关系代词，它指代的先行词是no one。but在定语从句中作主语，相当于who/that not。
longs是谓语动词，是一般现在时的的第三人称单数形式。
There is no one but longs to go to college. =There is no one who/that doesn't long to go to college.
又如：
There is no one but likes to help him.(=There is no one who/that doesn't like to help him.)
没有人不愿帮助他。
There was no one but helped him. （=There was no one who/that didn't help him.)没有人不帮他。

There is no choice but to follow him.我别无选择，只有跟着他走。
这里的but是具有否定意义的连词，它前后两个词或短语在词性上要统一。choice是名词，所以follow要加to以构成不定式，因为不定式可以相当于名词。（当然，动词ing形式有时也可以看作名词。但这里只能用to do。这是固定用法。）

判断There is no one but does sth. 和There is no choice but to do sth.的方法：
no one与does有逻辑上的主谓关系。no choice与to do没有逻辑上的主谓关系，它们是转折关系。