Question

求翻译一段英文文章，

So how do we induce a child to practice self-control in the early years before he is mature enough to understand the need to do so? A small child learns self-control when his will is constrained by an outside force – in our case, that outside force is his parents. For the constraint to translate into soul training it must make use of the child’s will. If you tie a child’s hands behind his back, you have negated his ability to learn to control his hands. Likewise, if you place an object out of reach, the child cannot learn to restrain himself from reaching for it. Self-control is learned when self is controlling self. Pressure must be placed on the child’s will, not restraint on his body. The will of the child must be bracketed with constraints that cause him to choose to control his impulses.
You may ask how it is beneficial to constrain the child to choose the end we dictate if his choosing does not spring from his own values. Is the child building character if he chooses ‘A’ simply because we are there to make it very unpleasant for him to choose ‘B’, on which his lust is focused?
Here is the key, the reason behind early conditioning. We are constraining the volitional part of the child to control the appetite part. In other words, we are exercising the spirit and will of the child, causing the soulish self to exercise command over the fleshly self.
百度翻译什么的就算了、

Answer 1

所以我们应该怎样教导一个孩子练习自我控制呢？在他足够成熟到理解这样做的必要性之前，一个小孩子当他的意愿被外力所强迫时会学习自我控制，我们所说的，外力就是他的父母。把约束变成灵魂层面上就要用到他的意愿。如果你把孩子的手绑在他的背后，就是否定了他可以控制自己的手的能力。同样地，如果放置一个他够不着的目标，孩子就不能学习约束自己得到它。自我控制在自我得到控制时才可以学习到。必须给孩子的意愿施加压力，而不是身体上的约束。把孩子的意愿约束起来让他选择去控制自己的冲动。

亲，先采纳吧！我再继续后面的翻译。

Answer 2

为了使学生从沉重的学习负担中解放出来，上海的中山中学采取了很多措施。学校撤去了强加给学生的多余的课程，是学生能够更早的回家了。以前上课上到5:30或者是6:00，现在4:00就放学了，另一方面，学生的考试减少了，对于其中考试，只考重要的几门课程，比如语文，数学，和英语。同时，学校组织很多课外活动让学生充分利用他们空余的时间。“花很多时间在他们感兴趣的运动，艺术，科学方面取代了只是打游戏是很有好处的”校长说。还有，学校要求教师上课更有效率，现在教师面临更多的压力了，他们必须更好的学习自己所教学的内容。
这样可以么？