Question

如何在CentOS 7服务器上安装NodeJS

Answer 1

Introduction

Node.js is a Javascript platform for server-side programming. It
allows users to easily create networked applications that require
backend functionality. By using Javascript as both the client and server
language, development can be fast and consistent.

In this guide, we will show you a few different ways of getting
Node.js installed on a CentOS 7 server so that you can get started. Most
users will want to use the EPEL installation instructions or the NVM
installation steps.

Install Node from Source

One way of acquiring Node.js is to obtain the source code and compile it yourself.

To do so, you should grab the source code from the project’s website.
On the downloads page, right click on the “Source Code” link and click
“Copy link address” or whatever similar option your browser gives you.

On your server, use wget and paste the link that you copied in order to download the archive file:

wget http://nodejs.org/dist/v0.10.30/node-v0.10.30.tar.gz

Extract the archive and move into the new directory by typing:

tar xzvf node-v* && cd node-v*

There are a few packages that we need to download from the CentOS
repositories in order to compile the code. Use yum to get these now:

sudo yum install gcc gcc-c++

Now, we can configure and compile the software:

./configure
make

The compilation will take quite awhile. When it is finished, you can install the software onto your system by typing:

sudo make install

To check that the installation was successful, you can ask Node to display its version number:

node –version
v0.10.30

If you see the version number, then the installation was completed successfully.

Install a Package from the Node Site

Another option for installing Node.js on your server is to simply get
the pre-built packages from the Node.js website and install them.

You can find the Linux binary packages here. Since CentOS 7 only
comes in the 64-bit architecture, right click on the link under “Linux
Binaries (.tar.gz)” labeled “64-bit”. Select “Copy link address” or
whatever similar option your browser provides.

On your server, change to your home directory and use the wget
utility to download the files. Paste the URL you just copied as the
argument for the command:

cd ~
wget http://nodejs.org/dist/v0.10.30/node-v0.10.30-linux-x64.tar.gz

Note: Your version number in the URL is likely to be different than
the one above. Use the address you copied from the Node.js site rather
than the specific URL provided in this guide.

Next, we will extract the binary package into our system’s local
package hierarchy with the tar command. The archive is packaged within a
versioned directory, which we can get rid of by passing the
–strip-components 1 option. We will specify the target directory of our
command with the -C command:

sudo tar –strip-components 1 -xzvf node-v* -C /usr/local

This will install all of the components within the /usr/local branch of your system.

You can verify that the installation was successful by asking Node for its version number:

node –version
v0.10.30

The installation was successful and you can now begin using Node.js on your CentOS 7 server.

Install Node from the EPEL Repository

An alternative installation method uses the EPEL (Extra Packages for
Enterprise Linux) repository that is available for CentOS and related
distributions.

To gain access to the EPEL repo, you must modify the repo-list of
your installation. Fortunately, we can reconfigure access to this
repository by installing a package available in our current repos called
epel-release.

sudo yum install epel-release

Now that you have access to the EPEL repository, you can install Node.js using your regular yum commands:

sudo yum install nodejs

Once again, you can check that the installation was successful by asking Node to return its version number:

node –version
v0.10.30

Many people will also want access to npm to manage their Node packages. You can also get this from EPEL by typing:

sudo yum install npm

Install Node Using the Node Version Manager

Another way of installing Node.js that is particularly flexible is
through NVM, the Node version manager. This piece of software allows you
to install and maintain many different independent versions of Node.js,
and their associated Node packages, at the same time.

To install NVM on your CentOS 7 machine, visit the project’s GitHub
page. Copy the curl or wget command from the README file that displays
on the main page. This will point you towards the most recent version of
the installation script.

Before piping the command through to bash, it is always a good idea
to audit the script to make sure it isn’t doing anything you don’t agree
with. You can do that by removing the | bash segment at the end of the
curl command:

curl https//raw.githubusercontent.com/creationix/nvm/v0.13.1/install.sh

Take a look and make sure you are comfortable with the changes it is
making. When you are satisfied, run the command again with | bash
appended at the end. The URL you use will change depending on the latest
version of NVM, but as of right now, the script can be downloaded and
executed by typing:

curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/creationix/nvm/v0.13.1/install.sh | bash

This will install the nvm script to your user account. To use it, you must first source your .bash_profile:

source ~/.bash_profile

Now, you can ask NVM which versions of Node it knows about:

nvm list-remote

. . .
v0.10.29
v0.10.30
v0.11.0
v0.11.1
v0.11.2
v0.11.3
v0.11.4
v0.11.5
v0.11.6
v0.11.7
v0.11.8
v0.11.9
v0.11.10
v0.11.11
v0.11.12
v0.11.13

You can install a version of Node by typing any of the releases you see. For instance, to get version 0.10.30, you can type:

nvm install v0.10.30

You can see the different versions you have installed by typing:

nvm list

-> v0.10.30
system

You can switch between them by typing:

nvm use v0.10.30
Now using node v0.10.30

To set this version as the default, type:

nvm alias default v0.10.30
default -> v0.10.30

You can verify that the install was successful using the same technique from the other sections, by typing:

node –version
v0.10.30

From the version number output, we can tell that Node is installed on our machine as we expected.

Conclusion

As you can see, there are quite a few different ways of getting
Node.js up and running on your CentOS 7 server. If one of the
installation methods is giving you problems, try one of the other
options.