Question

请帮助翻译下面的文字。急

“The principles may be summarized as follows,
(1) Interpretation is the ascertainment of the meaning which the document would convey to a reasonable person having all the background knowledge which would reasonably have been available to the parties in the situation in which they were at the time of the contract.
（1）
(2) The background was famously referred to by Lord Wilberforce as the “matrix of fact,” but this phrase is, if anything, an understated description of what the background may include. Subject to the requirement that it should have been reasonably available to the parties and to the exception to be mentioned next, it includes absolutely anything which would have affected the way in which the language of the document would have been understood by a reasonable man.
(3) The law excludes from the admissible background the previous negotiations of the parties and their declarations of subjective intent. They are admissible only in an action for rectification. The law makes this distinction for reasons of practical policy and, in this respect only, legal interpretation differs from the way we would interpret utterances in ordinary life. The boundaries of this exception are in some respects unclear. But this is not the occasion on which to explore them.
(4) The meaning which a document (or any other utterance) would convey to a reasonable man is not the same thing as the meaning of its words. The meaning of words is a matter of dictionaries and grammars; the meaning of the document is what the parties using those words against the relevant background would reasonably have been understood to mean...”

Answer 1

“这些原则可以归纳如下，
（1）释义是确定该文件将传递到一个合理的人有合理形势的各方在他们合同时的所有背景知识的含义。
（1）
（2）背景是著名的简称作为主威尔伯福斯“其实矩阵”，但是这句话，如果有的话，是一个什么样的背景，可能包括低估说明。遵守的规定应该合理地提供给各缔约方，并要提到的下一个异常，它包括绝对任何会影响在该文档的语言，将有一个合理的人所了解的方式。
（3）法律禁止从受理的当事人和他们的主观意图的声明的背景，以往的谈判。他们受理的，只有在整治行动。该法案使得这一实际政策方面的原因，的区别，只有在这方面，法律解释从不同的方式，我们将解释在平凡的生活中的话语。此异常的界限，在某些方面还不清楚。但这还不是上对其进行探讨之际。
（4）文档（或其他任何话语）会传达给一个合理的人的含义是不作为其词的含义，同样的事情。的字义是字典和语法的问题;文件的含义是各方使用这些话，对有关的背景是什么已被理解为是指... ...“

Answer 2

这个原则可归纳如下
(1)的解释是意义的确定该文档将传达到合理的人拥有所有的背景知识,将得到合理的政党在情况,在他们的合同。
(2)的背景是著名的被威伯福斯勋爵称为“矩阵事实”,但是这个词,如果有的话,是一个低调的描述可能包含什么样的背景。受需求,它应该被合理地获得当事人和异常的提到接下来,它包括绝对任何会影响语言的文档会被理解一个理智的人。
(3)法律排除反背景前的谈判双方和其声明的主观意图。他们只在一个动作都有可能被录取矫治。法律使这种区别的原因,制定切实可行的政策,在这方面只有,法律解释不同于我们的方式来诠释话语在普通的生活。这种异常的边界在某些方面不清楚。但这不是次去探索它们。
(4)意味着这一份文件(或其他任何话语)会传达一个理智的人是不一样的含义的文字。单词的意思是一个词典和语法的问题;文档的含义就是双方使用这些单词在相关背景将合理一直被理解为表示……”

Answer 3

不知道啊